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The continued success of China-Arab states cooperation is rooted in their shared aspirations for peace and prosperity, as well as a mutual respect for each other's civilizations and political systems.\u003C\/blockquote\u003E\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003Eby Xinhua writer Zhao Wencai\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EIt was a breezy day in 750 A.D. when Abu Obeida, an Arab navigator, set sail from a bustling Middle Eastern port in Oman aboard a two-masted wooden dhow named Sohar. He journeyed east, and after months of treacherous seas, he finally reached the distant shores of Guangzhou, China.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EHe returned with silk, porcelain, and spices, opening the first trade routes between China and the Arab world. His daring journey inspired One Thousand and One Nights, a story told for generations.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Ctable align=\"center\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" class=\"tr-caption-container\" style=\"margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\u003E\u003Ctbody\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/b\/R29vZ2xl\/AVvXsEjN_sc-BgMHqaScT3sY1ACS6B0mfaa53uO-N-6IY9jT67ElN-Q4-YK3Gh2wxrjDeiAuDu0s6zqLUJ_Oj_Wzx5WBS6W_KvuUz7x68aIZTzTgcG_tSP_DFIqrZrvGw_727qPDOiK0LhoImHouhQvIv5DoN4GkBydjyHQOhyphenhyphenTA9AIIOxRBDVzTdZ9XIsQ4Y7k\/s640\/china-arab-unity.jpg\" imageanchor=\"1\" style=\"margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\u003E\u003Cimg border=\"0\" data-original-height=\"423\" data-original-width=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/b\/R29vZ2xl\/AVvXsEjN_sc-BgMHqaScT3sY1ACS6B0mfaa53uO-N-6IY9jT67ElN-Q4-YK3Gh2wxrjDeiAuDu0s6zqLUJ_Oj_Wzx5WBS6W_KvuUz7x68aIZTzTgcG_tSP_DFIqrZrvGw_727qPDOiK0LhoImHouhQvIv5DoN4GkBydjyHQOhyphenhyphenTA9AIIOxRBDVzTdZ9XIsQ4Y7k\/s16000\/china-arab-unity.jpg\" \/\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\u003C\/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd class=\"tr-caption\" style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"background-color: white; color: #777777; font-family: \u0026quot;Libre Franklin\u0026quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; text-align: left;\"\u003EGuests learn about a clean energy project at the sixth China-Arab States Expo in Yinchuan, northwest China's Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Sept. 22, 2023. (Xinhua\/Wang Haizhou)\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\u003C\/tr\u003E\u003C\/tbody\u003E\u003C\/table\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EToday, the connection he forged endures, still enriching the bond between the two cultures over twelve centuries later.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EAfter generations of efforts, China and Arab states now have cultivated an even closer bond. Since the 1950s, China has established diplomatic relations with all Arab states. With interactions featuring mutual understanding, mutual respect, mutual assistance and solidarity, China and Arab states have become good friends treating each other as equals, good partners pursuing mutual benefit, and good brothers sharing weal and woe.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EOn issues related to each other’s core interests and major concern, like the Palestinian question and the Taiwan question, China and Arab states have consistently shown solidarity and mutual support, emerging as an unbreakable force from the East — championing justice, resisting hegemony, and defending fairness on the international stage.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EEconomic and trade cooperation is a dynamic reflection of the burgeoning relationship. All 22 Arab countries now have become partners of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), under which they’ve initiated over 200 major projects with China.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EIn recent years, China has solidified its position as the main trading partner for Arab states. In the last two years, bilateral trade volumes have hit new highs, hovering around 400 billion U.S. dollars, a tenfold growth compared to twenty years ago. Nearly 2 billion people on both sides are benefiting from this pragmatic partnership.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003ENowadays, practical cooperation with China continues to yield fruits across various sectors and nations throughout the region.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EIn Saudi Arabia, major cooperation projects have been launched, including the Yanbu Aramco Sinopec Refining Company, the Sino-Saudi Gulei Ethylene Complex Project, the Chinese industrial cluster in Jazan Economic City, the Red Sea utilities and infrastructure project, 5G communications, and joint lunar explorations.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EPeople-to-people exchanges between the two countries continue to grow. Four Saudi universities have introduced Chinese language majors, and eight primary and middle schools now offer optional Chinese language courses for their students.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EIn the United Arab Emirates (UAE), projects epitomizing the pragmatic cooperation between both countries include the China-UAE Industrial Capacity Cooperation Demonstration Zone, the phase-II container terminal at Khalifa Port, the Etihad railway and the Hassyan clean-coal power plant. Additionally, the UAE consistently maintains its status as China’s largest non-oil trading partner and export market in the region.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EThe continued success of China-Arab states cooperation is rooted in their shared aspirations for peace and prosperity, as well as a mutual respect for each other’s civilizations and political systems.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EAmid a world fraught with turmoil, conflicts and confrontations, the emphasis on building a China-Arab community with a shared future — setting aside differences, resisting external interference, and adhering to common prosperity — highlights the profound significance of the relationship.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EFrom facilitating the rapprochement between Saudi Arabia and Iran, to fostering reconciliation among Palestinian factions, and improving the lives of ordinary people across the Middle East by advancing the BRI, China’s role as a champion of peace and promoter of development is gaining increasing acknowledgment among the region’s inhabitants.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EIn the pursuit of national rejuvenation, China will continue to share its development opportunities, jointly practice true multilateralism, and together author a new chapter of pragmatic cooperation with Arab states.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EWith the long-lasting friendship between China and Arab states, the story about the ship Sohar is still unfolding. In 1980, another adventurer, Tim Severin, set sail from Oman in a replica of Sohar, retracing the route once navigated by Obeida.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EToday, a monument stands in a park in Guangzhou’s Haizhu district, honoring the Sohar and commemorating Severin’s heroic voyage — a symbol of the resilient bond between China and the Arab states, which has navigated a millennium of history and continues to embark on new chapters.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E"},"link":[{"rel":"replies","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.srilankaguardian.org\/feeds\/3707623518929913032\/comments\/default","title":"Post Comments"},{"rel":"replies","type":"text/html","href":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/comment\/fullpage\/post\/2468613367801394261\/3707623518929913032?isPopup=true","title":"0 Comments"},{"rel":"edit","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/feeds\/2468613367801394261\/posts\/default\/3707623518929913032"},{"rel":"self","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/feeds\/2468613367801394261\/posts\/default\/3707623518929913032"},{"rel":"alternate","type":"text/html","href":"http:\/\/www.srilankaguardian.org\/2024\/09\/china-and-arab-states-chart-new-course.html","title":"China and Arab States Chart a New Course for Mutual Prosperity"}],"author":[{"name":{"$t":"Unknown"},"email":{"$t":"noreply@blogger.com"},"gd$image":{"rel":"http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail","width":"16","height":"16","src":"https:\/\/img1.blogblog.com\/img\/b16-rounded.gif"}}],"media$thumbnail":{"xmlns$media":"http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/","url":"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/b\/R29vZ2xl\/AVvXsEjN_sc-BgMHqaScT3sY1ACS6B0mfaa53uO-N-6IY9jT67ElN-Q4-YK3Gh2wxrjDeiAuDu0s6zqLUJ_Oj_Wzx5WBS6W_KvuUz7x68aIZTzTgcG_tSP_DFIqrZrvGw_727qPDOiK0LhoImHouhQvIv5DoN4GkBydjyHQOhyphenhyphenTA9AIIOxRBDVzTdZ9XIsQ4Y7k\/s72-c\/china-arab-unity.jpg","height":"72","width":"72"},"thr$total":{"$t":"0"}},{"id":{"$t":"tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2468613367801394261.post-6086964405326042876"},"published":{"$t":"2024-09-10T21:36:00.000+05:30"},"updated":{"$t":"2024-09-10T21:36:06.694+05:30"},"category":[{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"Africa"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"Columns"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"democracy"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"Education"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"feature"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"Politics"}],"title":{"type":"text","$t":"Why People Vote the Idiots"},"content":{"type":"html","$t":"\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003E\u003Cblockquote\u003EThe concept of citizenship versus tribalism is fundamental in addressing these issues. In ancient Greek history, the term \"idiot\" referred to those who disengaged from civic life, while \"citizens\" were those actively involved in societal affairs.\u003C\/blockquote\u003E\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003Eby P. L. O. Lumumba\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Ci\u003EEditor’s Note: This article is based on the author’s recent talk show, exploring themes of youth engagement and voting behavior.\u003C\/i\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EThroughout the ages, societies have changed because of the enthusiasm and agitation of young people. That is the lesson of history. Any society that ignores this truism is a society that is in danger.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cblockquote\u003E\u003Cb\u003EYoung people are indeed the engine of every society. It is young people who have the energy and the vigor. It is young people who are the defenders of their societies.\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/blockquote\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EMy message is: ignore young people at your own peril. If you ignore them, they will create disorder. When they create disorder, society will be turned upside down. If society is turned upside down, it takes generations to restore it.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Ctable align=\"center\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" class=\"tr-caption-container\" style=\"margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\u003E\u003Ctbody\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/b\/R29vZ2xl\/AVvXsEjm-UPWtg1Ppa40DyLvm5v76MJJMe36xHSretuvI3pVj9313NKlScukPHmusMAwnGxT4V8N4fhG2T6tsnjJtK3FmMqZjDAhgRZpBpt33qvpJvIvq1iHIIccr96zABrkqQmadYgB0AxXuQATay68q5V8UrE_CPBYYl3aATy7nuyyI0aTVPHg1HAkkdrOCwA\/s640\/villageofidiots_storyart_16x9.jpg\" imageanchor=\"1\" style=\"margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\u003E\u003Cimg border=\"0\" data-original-height=\"423\" data-original-width=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/b\/R29vZ2xl\/AVvXsEjm-UPWtg1Ppa40DyLvm5v76MJJMe36xHSretuvI3pVj9313NKlScukPHmusMAwnGxT4V8N4fhG2T6tsnjJtK3FmMqZjDAhgRZpBpt33qvpJvIvq1iHIIccr96zABrkqQmadYgB0AxXuQATay68q5V8UrE_CPBYYl3aATy7nuyyI0aTVPHg1HAkkdrOCwA\/s16000\/villageofidiots_storyart_16x9.jpg\" \/\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\u003C\/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd class=\"tr-caption\" style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"background-color: white; color: #777777; font-family: \u0026quot;Libre Franklin\u0026quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; text-align: left;\"\u003E[File illustration]\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\u003C\/tr\u003E\u003C\/tbody\u003E\u003C\/table\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EIt is young people who provide the energy that drives the industries and agriculture of the society. If young people are made hopeless, they become dangerous because, in their hopelessness, they seek change. When they see certain individuals or groups standing in the way of the change they desire, their only agenda will be to remove such people in the hope that by removing them, they will create a new order and a new disposition that will restore hope.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EThat is why you cannot ignore young people. I remember that in different societies, there have always been different statements about the value of young people. Whether you are talking about Africa, in traditional African societies, there were methods and systems of training youth to be responsible.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EIn different societies, there are various ways of ensuring that young people are given hope that when they become adults, they will inherit societies that will sustain their own children because life is intergenerational. Life is a relay race. My message is: ignore young people at your own peril. If you ignore them, they will create disorder. When they create disorder, society will be turned upside down. If society is turned upside down, it takes generations to restore it.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EBut if you listen to the well-meaning voices of young people, you will change society in a positive way. There is evidence across the world that this approach works. It is dangerous to give a sweeping answer to what happened in the United States of America.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EWhat can be said is that American society has its complexities. Access to guns is very easy in the United States, and this traces back to their history. When young people are dejected and have resentment towards society, they can misuse weapons as seen in the United States.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EThe limited evidence we have tells us that this young man involved, named Crooks, who was involved in this attempted assassination, has a certain history. We cannot, from our armchairs, provide an objective, comprehensive assessment of the circumstances. But it calls into question who should have access to guns.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EHowever, this does not fully answer the question. What we can do is recognize that allowing access to guns to certain types of people exposes you to danger. But remember, there is no such thing as perfect security anywhere in the world.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EOver the years, we have seen attempted assassinations or assassinations. In many cases, young people who want to change society are involved. Sometimes, these young people believe they can change society by eliminating those they see as obstacles to such change.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EThis is the best we can do, but one must warn that we are speaking from a position of incomplete evidence and information regarding that particular situation. When we started discussing Generation Z in Kenya, I asked a young person if they knew when this classification started. I told the young man to read a book by an American psychologist named Jean-Marie Twain, who has categorized generations from the Silent Generation to the Baby Boomers, then to Generation X, Millennials, and now Generation Z, also known as Zoomers.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003E\u003Cblockquote\u003EThe generational conflict arises because the older generations believe that the younger ones do not know as much as they do, while the younger generations think they are more knowledgeable\u003C\/blockquote\u003E\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EThis attempt to understand societies reflects the dramatic change in the world. Previously, information was controlled, and the only sources were newspapers and national broadcasters, which were not even open 24 hours. The quality and amount of information available to people in those early days were very restricted. Then came the Internet and social media—Instagram, Google, and other media—that made it possible to instantly share what happens in one part of the world with people in entirely different parts.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EThis abundance of information and ease of access has created a gap in the thinking of generations because society still includes those described as boomers, Generation X, and Millennials, alongside the impatient Zoomers. The generational conflict arises because the older generations believe that the younger ones do not know as much as they do, while the younger generations think they are more knowledgeable.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EHowever, it is important to recognize that many young people in the same age bracket in various countries do not have access to such information. This creates an environment of contradiction. When a society faces contradictions without mediation forums, it generates conflict, manifesting through protests.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003ESometimes, this protest spills over into the streets, but social media also hosts constant protests that do not necessarily manifest in physical demonstrations. Societies are now being called to react and think about how to deal with this new environment. In Kenya and other countries, decisions made by government officials, once confidential, are quickly spread across social media. This lack of confidentiality generates conflicts that, if not mediated properly, can become dangerous. However, if addressed positively and if the younger generation is engaged, it can drive nations forward.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EAfrica finds itself in a particularly interesting and sometimes dangerous situation. Recent censuses show that nearly 70% of the population in many African countries is under the age of 35, while those above 65 make up less than 5%. These demographics think and behave very differently and must coexist within the same society. The challenge is how to address this. Governing countries will become more difficult as the world evolves.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EWe are now in an unprecedented era where everyone is a journalist, where Google can answer any question. This environment requires intellectual agility to navigate the growing complexity. I have never been one to simply say that youth alone should lead; it is ideas that matter. Yet, societies must have a system where older people allow younger people to serve.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EIn the Sahelian region, countries like Burkina Faso, Niger, Guinea, and Chad have seen disillusionment with the ballot. It appears that those in charge of the ballot ensure results that always favor them, producing the same types of people and perpetuating the same methods, which leads to worsening living conditions. The military intervention reflects a desire to disrupt this cycle and create an opportunity for new ideas.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EWhether these experiments will work remains to be seen, but the rhetoric from leaders like Traoré in Burkina Faso and others suggests a positive direction. The challenge is whether these changes can be sustained in a way that ensures the voice of the voiceless is heard. Youth is not a permanent state, and those who are young today will eventually grow old. The culture of transferring ideas between generations is crucial for sustained societal change.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003E\u003Cblockquote\u003EThe identity issue and the desire to vote for someone from the same ethnic group or background can be a byproduct of long periods of exclusion.\u003C\/blockquote\u003E\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EIn Africa, older people in political power often act as if power entitles them to wealth and status without accountability. They forget their past and view those calling for change as enemies. This attitude is driven by narcissism and megalomania, leading to a selective amnesia where leaders believe they are the sole possessors of knowledge and wisdom.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EThroughout history, leaders who believed they were demigods have caused wars and upheavals. The problem is human, and only humans can solve it by being aware and clear about their desires and demands. Leaders in positions of power often act out of self-preservation and will concede when sufficiently scared. In many African countries, voting often occurs for the wrong reasons—ethnic allegiance or bribery—resulting in leaders who do not deliver. Civic education is crucial to help people understand the importance of voting for the right reasons and to transition from being idiots or tribalists to responsible citizens.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EThe identity issue and the desire to vote for someone from the same ethnic group or background can be a byproduct of long periods of exclusion. However, as exclusion becomes less of a norm, people will focus more on character rather than ethnic background. This is true not only in the United States but also in the United Kingdom and Africa. A leader who understands that leadership is about service, humility, sacrifice, and knowing when to step aside is the type of leader we need. Leaders who manipulate processes and people for personal gain are misleaders who do not deserve respect or the opportunity to serve. Unfortunately, we have no shortage of such leaders in Africa.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Ci\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/i\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Ci\u003EProf. Patrick Loch Otieno Lumumba ( P.L.O. Lumumba) is a prominent Kenyan lawyer and activist known for his staunch anti-corruption advocacy. He currently serves as the director of the Kenya School of Law, following his tenure as the director of the Kenya Anti-Corruption Commission from July 2010 to August 2017. Lumumba is celebrated for his impassioned speeches and writings, which highlight the imperative of integrity and transparency in governance. His career has been defined by a relentless commitment to legal reform and ethical leadership, making him a pivotal figure in Kenya's ongoing battle against corruption and a respected voice on matters of law and governance across Africa.\u003C\/i\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E"},"link":[{"rel":"replies","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.srilankaguardian.org\/feeds\/6086964405326042876\/comments\/default","title":"Post Comments"},{"rel":"replies","type":"text/html","href":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/comment\/fullpage\/post\/2468613367801394261\/6086964405326042876?isPopup=true","title":"0 Comments"},{"rel":"edit","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/feeds\/2468613367801394261\/posts\/default\/6086964405326042876"},{"rel":"self","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/feeds\/2468613367801394261\/posts\/default\/6086964405326042876"},{"rel":"alternate","type":"text/html","href":"http:\/\/www.srilankaguardian.org\/2024\/09\/why-people-vote-idiots.html","title":"Why People Vote the Idiots"}],"author":[{"name":{"$t":"Unknown"},"email":{"$t":"noreply@blogger.com"},"gd$image":{"rel":"http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail","width":"16","height":"16","src":"https:\/\/img1.blogblog.com\/img\/b16-rounded.gif"}}],"media$thumbnail":{"xmlns$media":"http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/","url":"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/b\/R29vZ2xl\/AVvXsEjm-UPWtg1Ppa40DyLvm5v76MJJMe36xHSretuvI3pVj9313NKlScukPHmusMAwnGxT4V8N4fhG2T6tsnjJtK3FmMqZjDAhgRZpBpt33qvpJvIvq1iHIIccr96zABrkqQmadYgB0AxXuQATay68q5V8UrE_CPBYYl3aATy7nuyyI0aTVPHg1HAkkdrOCwA\/s72-c\/villageofidiots_storyart_16x9.jpg","height":"72","width":"72"},"thr$total":{"$t":"0"}},{"id":{"$t":"tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2468613367801394261.post-7516834397277112210"},"published":{"$t":"2024-09-03T12:33:00.003+05:30"},"updated":{"$t":"2024-09-03T12:33:16.958+05:30"},"category":[{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"Africa"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"China"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"Diplomacy"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"feature"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"World View"}],"title":{"type":"text","$t":"How China helps Africans light up night sky"},"content":{"type":"html","$t":"\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003E\u003Cblockquote\u003EData shows that since 2007, China has helped build 160 power plants across Africa, lighting up the night sky of 27 countries -- half the continent. 14 more are under construction.\u003C\/blockquote\u003E\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003Eby Xinhua writer Chen Wangqi\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E“The sky here’s very strange. I often have the sensation when I look at it that it’s a solid thing up there, protecting us from what’s behind.”\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E“But what is behind?”\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Ctable align=\"center\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" class=\"tr-caption-container\" style=\"margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\u003E\u003Ctbody\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/b\/R29vZ2xl\/AVvXsEihhrgVCVGhtVxqn33cRDzy9-Zx7qg0f_S2mjZBVQMNiLpJY2EQmNpCyoPKbYkIHZtqTrHsrmLuBP5lYWg3p45cTD9MH3zuVfelDdUz0XGeMxIWFPN580Pd7Bo3w_1rRdPXU9oPkJsLgReEbBOymGQnhrhXVI0jlz0rH1_G_0qCn5f1OoXdHfOcalNYH4A\/s640\/Xi_Ram_China_South_Africa.jpg\" imageanchor=\"1\" style=\"margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\u003E\u003Cimg border=\"0\" data-original-height=\"416\" data-original-width=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/b\/R29vZ2xl\/AVvXsEihhrgVCVGhtVxqn33cRDzy9-Zx7qg0f_S2mjZBVQMNiLpJY2EQmNpCyoPKbYkIHZtqTrHsrmLuBP5lYWg3p45cTD9MH3zuVfelDdUz0XGeMxIWFPN580Pd7Bo3w_1rRdPXU9oPkJsLgReEbBOymGQnhrhXVI0jlz0rH1_G_0qCn5f1OoXdHfOcalNYH4A\/s16000\/Xi_Ram_China_South_Africa.jpg\" \/\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\u003C\/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd class=\"tr-caption\" style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"background-color: white; color: #777777; font-family: \u0026quot;Libre Franklin\u0026quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; text-align: left;\"\u003EChinese President Xi Jinping welcomed South African President Cyril Ramaphosa in Beijing for the 2024 Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) summit and a state visit on September 2, 2024. The meeting took place in the Northern Hall of the Great Hall of the People. (Xinhua\/Yao Dawei)\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\u003C\/tr\u003E\u003C\/tbody\u003E\u003C\/table\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E“Nothing, I suppose. Just darkness. Absolute night,” Paul Bowles wrote in his 1949 novel The Sheltering Sky, which is about an American couple’s journey into North Africa.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003ESince 2007, China has helped build 160 plants across Africa, lighting up the night sky of 27 countries, half the continent. Fourteen more are under construction, according to data from the Boston University Global Development Policy Center.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EDespite Africa’s vast reserves of hydro, solar, and wind power, much of its renewable energy remains untapped. China is stepping in to help turn the continent’s clean energy potential into reality.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EIn northeastern Kenya, the China-financed Garissa Solar Power Station is the first major solar plant to tap into the country’s vast solar resources, making it the largest grid-connected solar plant in East and Central Africa.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EIn South Africa, the De Aar Wind Farm developed by a Chinese company has an installed capacity of 244.5 megawatts. It has met the demand of 300,000 households since it began operation in 2017 while reducing 619,900 tons of carbon emissions each year.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EBy 2026, 103 hydropower, six solar and five wind plants will have been put into operation, accounting for 66 percent of all China-built plants in Africa.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003ECostantinos Berhutesfa Costantinos, a professor of public policy at Addis Ababa University in Ethiopia, said multilateralism sets the tone for China’s support for Africa in developing clean energy sources. “China has helped Ethiopia and other African countries with the process of low carbon green transformation.”\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EAccess to convenience, better healthcare, and more job opportunities … the benefits of China-built plants are tangible to many Africans in their daily lives.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EHover over or click cards for their stories!\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E[Story 1] Access to Convenience\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EIn the dry, sun-scorched lands of Kenya’s Baringo County, Doris Loruk Chepalat and her family live in a small, two-room house, once isolated from modern conveniences like electricity.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EFor years, they had to trek to the nearest market to charge their phones.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EThanks to the collaboration between a Chinese firm — Chuanshan International Mining Company — and the Afridge Development Plan, a solar panel is now installed on Chepalat’s rooftop. It powers her family’s two light bulbs, a radio and their phone chargers with solar energy.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EThe children would now be able to study late into the night, she said.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E[Story 2] Healthcare Quality\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EPower outages once plagued Ndejje Health Center IV in Uganda’s Wakiso district, leaving surgeons stranded in the operating room and midwives using phone lights to aid births.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EWith China’s solar panels, the health center now has a reliable power source crucial for uninterrupted maternal care and vaccine storage.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E“Ever since we got solar, we were able to address the challenges of an unpredictable power schedule,” Geoffrey Kisuze, the health center manager, told Xinhua.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EEvelyne Namuyanja, a local resident, said the solar light at the health facility was very helpful when she took the operation. “All the time throughout the theater, power was on. It was successful … It’s a wow.”\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E[Story 3] Job Opportunity\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EIn Zambia, the construction of the 750-megawatt China-financed hydropower station is transforming the nation’s electricity supply and offering significant career opportunities for its young workforce.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003ELaunched in September 2017, the training program, conducted under the Sinohydro Training Institute, has equipped 332 young workers in the Kafue Lower Gorge Power Station with essential skills for both the construction of the power plant and the broader needs of the country.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E“It was a good experience because, after completing my power electrical course, finding a stable job in the production industry was still a significant challenge. Coming to Sinohydro and being exposed to such a large industry was a significant advantage for me,” said Gift Kapanda, an electrical technologist at the Chinese company.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E"},"link":[{"rel":"replies","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.srilankaguardian.org\/feeds\/7516834397277112210\/comments\/default","title":"Post Comments"},{"rel":"replies","type":"text/html","href":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/comment\/fullpage\/post\/2468613367801394261\/7516834397277112210?isPopup=true","title":"0 Comments"},{"rel":"edit","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/feeds\/2468613367801394261\/posts\/default\/7516834397277112210"},{"rel":"self","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/feeds\/2468613367801394261\/posts\/default\/7516834397277112210"},{"rel":"alternate","type":"text/html","href":"http:\/\/www.srilankaguardian.org\/2024\/09\/how-china-helps-africans-light-up-night.html","title":"How China helps Africans light up night sky"}],"author":[{"name":{"$t":"Unknown"},"email":{"$t":"noreply@blogger.com"},"gd$image":{"rel":"http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail","width":"16","height":"16","src":"https:\/\/img1.blogblog.com\/img\/b16-rounded.gif"}}],"media$thumbnail":{"xmlns$media":"http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/","url":"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/b\/R29vZ2xl\/AVvXsEihhrgVCVGhtVxqn33cRDzy9-Zx7qg0f_S2mjZBVQMNiLpJY2EQmNpCyoPKbYkIHZtqTrHsrmLuBP5lYWg3p45cTD9MH3zuVfelDdUz0XGeMxIWFPN580Pd7Bo3w_1rRdPXU9oPkJsLgReEbBOymGQnhrhXVI0jlz0rH1_G_0qCn5f1OoXdHfOcalNYH4A\/s72-c\/Xi_Ram_China_South_Africa.jpg","height":"72","width":"72"},"thr$total":{"$t":"0"}},{"id":{"$t":"tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2468613367801394261.post-3634378891631294745"},"published":{"$t":"2024-09-02T17:59:00.003+05:30"},"updated":{"$t":"2024-09-02T17:59:28.682+05:30"},"category":[{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"Africa"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"China"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"Diplomacy"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"feature"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"World View"}],"title":{"type":"text","$t":"FOCAC Summit: Strengthening China-Nigeria Development"},"content":{"type":"html","$t":"\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003E\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cblockquote\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003EWith joint efforts, China and Nigeria will certainly further deepen cooperation in various areas and jointly build a high-level China-Nigeria community with a shared future.\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/blockquote\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003Eby Yu Dunhai\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003ETo many Chinese friends, Nigeria is no stranger. As the most populous country and a major economy in Africa, as well as a leading power in West Africa, Nigeria has been playing an important role in regional and international affairs over the years.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Ctable align=\"center\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" class=\"tr-caption-container\" style=\"margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\u003E\u003Ctbody\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/b\/R29vZ2xl\/AVvXsEjGC75u5WYuE67qY5VRmyzF1NYbil3_eTaN_t1a75-cx8Gg-PCAYePk4mjdQ1uVV_2krZ4dSLeHE1uAirEatNjxdfXwunaMYC8tCXBkGUDocmTO_nhcrmt6gqd6YdI2sXlsJfvqjpath8buFsCPlvDaiaCcaIAUe4FqbS1CmQikv7EoZ0B1Ac42W5NNDHE\/s640\/nigerian-prez-in-beijing.jpg\" imageanchor=\"1\" style=\"margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\u003E\u003Cimg border=\"0\" data-original-height=\"439\" data-original-width=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/b\/R29vZ2xl\/AVvXsEjGC75u5WYuE67qY5VRmyzF1NYbil3_eTaN_t1a75-cx8Gg-PCAYePk4mjdQ1uVV_2krZ4dSLeHE1uAirEatNjxdfXwunaMYC8tCXBkGUDocmTO_nhcrmt6gqd6YdI2sXlsJfvqjpath8buFsCPlvDaiaCcaIAUe4FqbS1CmQikv7EoZ0B1Ac42W5NNDHE\/s16000\/nigerian-prez-in-beijing.jpg\" \/\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\u003C\/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd class=\"tr-caption\" style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"background-color: white; color: #777777; font-family: \u0026quot;Libre Franklin\u0026quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; text-align: left;\"\u003ENigerian President Bola Tinubu arrives for the 2024 Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) in Beijing, capital of China, Sept. 1, 2024. (Xinhua\/Zhang Yuwei)\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\u003C\/tr\u003E\u003C\/tbody\u003E\u003C\/table\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EThe country is blessed with a long history, a vast land, rich natural resources, multiple ethnic nationalities and a splendid culture, just like China. Known as the “Super Eagles” to many Chinese football fans, the Nigerian men’s football team won the Africa Cup of Nations three times in 1980, 1994 and 2013 respectively, and the team also won the gold medal at the Atlanta Olympics in 1996. Nigeria is also hailed as the cradle of cultures in sub-Saharan Africa. In 1986, the Nobel Prize in Literature went to Wole Soyinka, the famous Nigerian writer.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EChina shares a long-standing friendship with Nigeria. In history, the two countries both suffered from colonialism, so their friendship began with a common endeavor in the last century for national liberation and national independence. Oct. 1 is both China’s National Day and Nigeria’s Independence Day. Since the two countries established diplomatic ties on Feb. 10, 1971, their relations have stood the test of changes in the international landscape and gone from strength to strength. Furthermore, over the years, China-Nigeria relations have stood at the forefront of China-Africa relations.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EIn the field of politics, the two countries have witnessed frequent high-level exchanges with deepened political mutual trust. In May 2023, on the sidelines of his inauguration, Nigerian President Bola Tinubu met with Peng Qinghua, special envoy of Chinese President Xi Jinping and Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of China’s National People’s Congress. In July this year, the president received China’s Vice Foreign Minister Chen Xiaodong. In October 2023, Nigeria’s Vice President Kashim Shettima attended the third Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation in China on behalf of Tinubu, and he was received by Xi and Vice President Han Zheng respectively, making his trip a complete success. In June this year, Nigeria’s Foreign Minister Yusuf Tuggar visited China and held talks with Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi, also a member of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC). The two foreign ministers co-chaired the first plenary session of the China-Nigeria Intergovernmental Committee, which further promoted the political trust and mutually beneficial cooperation between our two countries.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EIn the field of economy and trade, mutually beneficial cooperation yielded fruitful results. In 2018, the two countries signed a Memorandum of Understanding for cooperation on the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), making Nigeria a member of the Belt and Road family. Over the years, Chinese companies have constructed many signature projects in Nigeria, including the Lekki Deep Sea Port, the Abuja Metro Line, the Lagos Rail Mass Transit, the Abuja-Kaduna Railway, the Lagos-Ibadan Railway, the Zungeru Hydropower Plant, the National Data Center in Kano, and the free trade zones (industrial parks) in Lekki, Ogun and Sagamu.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EThe projects are the fruitful results of China-Nigeria practical cooperation and the friendship between the two peoples. Nigeria is China’s second-largest export market in Africa, and it is also a major investment destination and a major trading partner of China in the continent. The practical cooperation between China and Nigeria serves as a model of high-quality Belt and Road cooperation between China and Africa.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EThanks to people-to-people exchanges, the people in China and Nigeria have known each other better with closer communications. Cultural centers have been established in each other’s capital, and Chinese and Nigerian universities have co-founded two Confucius Institutes in Nigeria. Enthusiasm for learning the Chinese language among Nigerian people keeps growing, with the number of Nigerian students studying in China exceeding 7,500. A large number of Nigerian citizens are doing business in China, and the two sides co-hosted a series of cultural events such as the “Happy Chinese New Year” Temple Fair, the Chinese Film Festival, and the “Chinese Bridge” Chinese Proficiency Competition, which have brought hearts much closer.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EThe 20th CPC Central Committee adopted a resolution on further deepening reform comprehensively to advance Chinese modernization at its third plenary session in July this year, demonstrating the missions, the responsibilities and the strong resolve of the CPC Central Committee with Xi at the core to follow through on the reform. Meanwhile, the Nigerian government is implementing the Renewed Hope Agenda proposed by Tinubu, which is a testament to his administration’s political ambition to deepen reforms and achieve economic growth.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EThe summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) will be held in Beijing this autumn as our two countries are simultaneously pursuing national reform and development. After six years, back in the Chinese capital, leaders from China and African countries will once again renew their friendships and plan future development. The leaders of China and Nigeria will also hold talks to share governance experience, compare notes on national rejuvenation, and expand bilateral relations.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EIt is believed that with joint efforts, China and Nigeria will certainly further deepen cooperation in such areas as industry, agriculture, infrastructure, financing, poverty reduction, technological innovation, digital development and blue economy, and jointly build a high-level China-Nigeria community with a shared future.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EIn the vast ocean of historical trends, the ship of friendship and cooperation between China and Nigeria will sail forward in a steady and sustained way. Long live the China-Nigeria friendship!\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Ci\u003E\u003Cb\u003EEditor’s note: Yu Dunhai is the Chinese Ambassador to Nigeria.\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/i\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E"},"link":[{"rel":"replies","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.srilankaguardian.org\/feeds\/3634378891631294745\/comments\/default","title":"Post Comments"},{"rel":"replies","type":"text/html","href":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/comment\/fullpage\/post\/2468613367801394261\/3634378891631294745?isPopup=true","title":"0 Comments"},{"rel":"edit","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/feeds\/2468613367801394261\/posts\/default\/3634378891631294745"},{"rel":"self","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/feeds\/2468613367801394261\/posts\/default\/3634378891631294745"},{"rel":"alternate","type":"text/html","href":"http:\/\/www.srilankaguardian.org\/2024\/09\/focac-summit-strengthening-china.html","title":"FOCAC Summit: Strengthening China-Nigeria Development"}],"author":[{"name":{"$t":"Unknown"},"email":{"$t":"noreply@blogger.com"},"gd$image":{"rel":"http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail","width":"16","height":"16","src":"https:\/\/img1.blogblog.com\/img\/b16-rounded.gif"}}],"media$thumbnail":{"xmlns$media":"http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/","url":"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/b\/R29vZ2xl\/AVvXsEjGC75u5WYuE67qY5VRmyzF1NYbil3_eTaN_t1a75-cx8Gg-PCAYePk4mjdQ1uVV_2krZ4dSLeHE1uAirEatNjxdfXwunaMYC8tCXBkGUDocmTO_nhcrmt6gqd6YdI2sXlsJfvqjpath8buFsCPlvDaiaCcaIAUe4FqbS1CmQikv7EoZ0B1Ac42W5NNDHE\/s72-c\/nigerian-prez-in-beijing.jpg","height":"72","width":"72"},"thr$total":{"$t":"0"}},{"id":{"$t":"tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2468613367801394261.post-1157163451586353975"},"published":{"$t":"2024-09-01T20:43:00.006+05:30"},"updated":{"$t":"2024-09-01T20:43:40.733+05:30"},"category":[{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"Africa"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"China"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"Diplomacy"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"feature"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"World View"}],"title":{"type":"text","$t":"Why Africans won’t buy the “Debt Trap” narrative against China"},"content":{"type":"html","$t":"\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003E\u003Cblockquote\u003EWho is the one using a \"debt trap\" to plunder the wealth of developing countries, and who is offering a real helping hand? The vast majority of developing countries, especially African countries, know the truth.\u003C\/blockquote\u003E\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003Eby Xinhua writers Wang Zongnan, Zhao Zhiqin\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E“Debt-trap” is a term to describe an international financial relationship where a creditor country or institution extends debt to a borrowing nation with the intention of extracting economic or political concessions when the debtor country becomes unable to meet its repayment obligations.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EWestern media have pinned the “Debt Trap” narrative on China since an Indian think tank coined the term in 2017.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Ctable align=\"center\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" class=\"tr-caption-container\" style=\"margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\u003E\u003Ctbody\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/b\/R29vZ2xl\/AVvXsEjCjARLuqTbIFQrWvAIvr3jVUhCTa1IpJhLPV8hhN8zTnylTzy1VXw5W9NUw23Lo7OuZ2kThsaR4qQfLGOEycybxWHzEPL9pJ54DU3XNUwUrARqTDxikVv2Cd2_srDcAdL7RB0qTsbJozvpOtDVTqJPj3tYQw_WfBNlyBRNFx0W9cYJBEalAb3Y8BZijsM\/s640\/china-africa%20(1).jpg\" imageanchor=\"1\" style=\"margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\u003E\u003Cimg border=\"0\" data-original-height=\"448\" data-original-width=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/b\/R29vZ2xl\/AVvXsEjCjARLuqTbIFQrWvAIvr3jVUhCTa1IpJhLPV8hhN8zTnylTzy1VXw5W9NUw23Lo7OuZ2kThsaR4qQfLGOEycybxWHzEPL9pJ54DU3XNUwUrARqTDxikVv2Cd2_srDcAdL7RB0qTsbJozvpOtDVTqJPj3tYQw_WfBNlyBRNFx0W9cYJBEalAb3Y8BZijsM\/s16000\/china-africa%20(1).jpg\" \/\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\u003C\/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd class=\"tr-caption\" style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"background-color: white; color: #777777; font-family: \u0026quot;Libre Franklin\u0026quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; text-align: left;\"\u003EA drone photo taken on March 11, 2024 shows a cargo ship at the Lekki port in Lagos, Nigeria. (CHEC\/Handout via Xinhua)\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\u003C\/tr\u003E\u003C\/tbody\u003E\u003C\/table\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EFor instance, in an Associated Press article last year, reporter Bernard Condon alleged that China’s “debt trap” has pushed some developing countries, for example Kenya and Zambia, to the brink of collapse. He claims the debt is largely owed to China, with high interest that is hard to repay and little willingness from China to forgive it.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EHowever, what are the facts? Who is Africa’s number one creditor? Who is the one using a “debt trap” to plunder the wealth of developing countries, and who is offering a real helping hand? The vast majority of developing countries, especially African countries, know the truth.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EFALSE NARRATIVE\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EMany academics, professionals and think tanks have asserted that China’s lending practices are not behind the debt troubles faced by borrowing nations, and that Chinese banks have been willing to restructure the terms of existing loans.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E“Only about nine percent of Kenya’s public debt can be attributed to China at the moment,” Adhere Cavince, an international relations specialist from Kenya, told Xinhua.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EThe National Treasury of Kenya’s debt bulletin, published in April 2024, reported that more than half (51.5 percent) of the country’s external debt is owed to multilateral lenders like the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). In contrast, China and other bilateral lenders account for only a fifth (21.5 percent) of Kenya’s bilateral debt.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EA briefing paper titled “Integrating China into Multilateral Debt Relief: Progress and Problems in the G20 DSSI,” published by Johns Hopkins University, found that among the 46 countries participating in the Debt Service Suspension Initiative (DSSI) launched by the World Bank and the IMF, Chinese creditors accounted for 30 percent of all claims and contributed to 63 percent of debt service suspensions.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EIn contrast to the unfulfilled promises of debt relief by the Western world, “China has been far more generous in providing relief to allow for African countries to manage their post-COVID recovery,” said Charles Onunaiju, director of the center for China studies in Nigeria.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E“China’s approach to debt relief has been more flexible, often involving the restructuring of loans to provide breathing space for debtor countries,” said Humphrey Moshi, director of the center for Chinese studies at the University of Dar es Salaam in Tanzania. “In contrast, other creditors have been more rigid, prioritizing their financial returns over the economic recovery of African nations.”\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E“The ‘Debt Trap’ narrative aims to discredit China’s growing influence in Africa and to maintain Western dominance,” Moshi said.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E“It is neither in the interest of emerging economies nor that of China,” Cavince said. “That is why, despite the hype, no African country is taking it seriously.”\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003ECHINA OFFERS HELPING HAND, NOT HANDOUTS\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EThe COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the value of China’s infrastructure projects, which have improved connectivity, lowered logistics costs, and provided essential healthcare facilities, said Moshi, describing China’s investment in infrastructure as “groundwork for long-term sustainable development in Africa.”\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E“Investments in education and vocational training have also empowered local populations by enhancing skills and employability, leading to sustainable economic opportunities,” he added.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EChina, in fact, is helping developing countries to learn how to help themselves.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EIn Guinea-Bissau, “sometimes people walk several kilometers to find a water point,” says Diamantino Lopes, a professor at Lusofona University of Guinea-Bissau. He highlighted China’s support in financing boreholes and water distribution projects, which has significantly improved living conditions and public health.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EChina has increased its investment in Africa’s energy sector tenfold in the last decade, said analyst Robert Bociaga in an article published by Nikkei Asia. What’s more, these Chinese investments in energy may “potentially contribute to the energy independency of many African countries,” said a study titled “The Impact of Chinese Investment on Energy Independence in Africa,” published in Energy Policy this July.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E“Many African countries are now looking to China to access solar panels to power villages across the continent,” said Cavince, noting that Chinese products are “affordable, durable and accessible.”\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003ECavince also emphasized China’s willingness to invest in high-risk areas of Africa, a crucial factor in today’s risk-prone world. China helps these regions weather the storms and build resilience in the post-pandemic era.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E“In Tanzania, many infrastructure projects by other countries were halted, but Chinese-built ones continued,” Moshi said, referring to the Magufuli Bridge, which has significantly reduced travel time across Lake Victoria and transformed daily life for thousands. It is “highly anticipated by residents,” Moshi added.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EThe Magufuli Bridge is just another example of what some call a “Debt Trap,” but Moshi argues otherwise. He emphasized that “China’s investment is helping to build resilient communities that can withstand future economic and social challenges.”\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EThe true wealth generated by China’s efforts is steadily having an impact on African countries, with more projects planned.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EWEST FACES BACKLASH IN AFRICA\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EMoshi weighed in on the “Debt Trap” narrative, pointing out an often-overlooked African perspective: “People forget that African countries enter these agreements fully aware of the terms.”\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EThis is borne out by the facts.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E“The United States and its Western allies are facing a backlash in African countries,” Cavince said. “U.S. military bases are being uprooted in Africa, and unyielding American interference in the internal affairs of African countries is no longer tenable.”\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E“The interest rates from Western lenders are higher… Countries have been stuck paying the interest, and the principal remains unpaid for a long time. What does that represent? It represents the rate of exploitation,” said Chibeza Mfuni, deputy secretary general of the Zambia-China Friendship Association.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E“Western aid often comes with many conditions, including austerity measures, privatization, and ‘democracy promotion’,” Cavince said. “This often causes civil strife.”\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EIn June, Kenya experienced mass protests and fatalities after proposed tax hikes tied to an IMF funding program. The now-defunct 2024 Finance Bill, backed by the IMF, was described by The Guardian as “the most extreme form of austerity in Kenya’s history.” During the protests, one placard read, “IMF, World Bank, Stop the Modern Day Slavery,” as reported by Al Jazeera.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EChina, on the other hand, has been offering African countries funds with no political strings attached, Cavince said.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EAs a fellow Global South nation, China shares perspectives with African countries.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003ECavince noted that China’s aid responds to recipient countries’ requests, unlike Western aid measures, “which often have already set areas where poor countries must request support.”\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E"},"link":[{"rel":"replies","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.srilankaguardian.org\/feeds\/1157163451586353975\/comments\/default","title":"Post Comments"},{"rel":"replies","type":"text/html","href":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/comment\/fullpage\/post\/2468613367801394261\/1157163451586353975?isPopup=true","title":"0 Comments"},{"rel":"edit","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/feeds\/2468613367801394261\/posts\/default\/1157163451586353975"},{"rel":"self","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/feeds\/2468613367801394261\/posts\/default\/1157163451586353975"},{"rel":"alternate","type":"text/html","href":"http:\/\/www.srilankaguardian.org\/2024\/09\/why-africans-wont-buy-debt-trap.html","title":"Why Africans won’t buy the “Debt Trap” narrative against China"}],"author":[{"name":{"$t":"Unknown"},"email":{"$t":"noreply@blogger.com"},"gd$image":{"rel":"http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail","width":"16","height":"16","src":"https:\/\/img1.blogblog.com\/img\/b16-rounded.gif"}}],"media$thumbnail":{"xmlns$media":"http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/","url":"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/b\/R29vZ2xl\/AVvXsEjCjARLuqTbIFQrWvAIvr3jVUhCTa1IpJhLPV8hhN8zTnylTzy1VXw5W9NUw23Lo7OuZ2kThsaR4qQfLGOEycybxWHzEPL9pJ54DU3XNUwUrARqTDxikVv2Cd2_srDcAdL7RB0qTsbJozvpOtDVTqJPj3tYQw_WfBNlyBRNFx0W9cYJBEalAb3Y8BZijsM\/s72-c\/china-africa%20(1).jpg","height":"72","width":"72"},"thr$total":{"$t":"0"}},{"id":{"$t":"tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2468613367801394261.post-1586301539253615734"},"published":{"$t":"2024-08-31T23:14:00.005+05:30"},"updated":{"$t":"2024-08-31T23:14:49.346+05:30"},"category":[{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"Africa"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"feature"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"World View"}],"title":{"type":"text","$t":"Renaming Africa: Is ‘Africa’ a Racial Slur?"},"content":{"type":"html","$t":"\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003E\u003Cblockquote\u003ENaming is a tool we use to identify objects and make sense of the world around us. To this extent, it’s a good and powerful thing.\u003C\/blockquote\u003E\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003Eby JO Chimakonam\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003EWho named Africa and what does the name mean?\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EThe name Africa was given to the continent by European exploiters, slavers and colonists who first arrived as traders and explorers in the 1300s. “Africa” is believed to be taken from the Greek aphrike, meaning without cold; it translates in Latin to aprica, meaning sunny.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EYou know how it is. Humans habitually give names to strangers or new places they encounter. This is usually to enable them to identify such people or places. But history also shows that such names are often not pleasant because of the unhealthy spirit of competition that naturally characterises such new encounters.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Ctable align=\"center\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" class=\"tr-caption-container\" style=\"margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\u003E\u003Ctbody\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/b\/R29vZ2xl\/AVvXsEhIIDWImHIQ9s1RCulaqAAPQTpwxB4JHuyVKHZKNIhIsA_rUxe1jJW6AoTHdOocWvesvfIZDNd0kGsCmOq1OaiGwsBpGwrd7T1lwz0E2ahpJXShFb0UdxqS33xj-wbwtl00DFc64wPko8gKiiiWf8lb8EjsVnH1MYPbSU76gpWnErGfwvD5lC-w7faQvl0\/s640\/file-20240827-18-f5czge.jpg\" imageanchor=\"1\" style=\"margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\u003E\u003Cimg border=\"0\" data-original-height=\"430\" data-original-width=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/b\/R29vZ2xl\/AVvXsEhIIDWImHIQ9s1RCulaqAAPQTpwxB4JHuyVKHZKNIhIsA_rUxe1jJW6AoTHdOocWvesvfIZDNd0kGsCmOq1OaiGwsBpGwrd7T1lwz0E2ahpJXShFb0UdxqS33xj-wbwtl00DFc64wPko8gKiiiWf8lb8EjsVnH1MYPbSU76gpWnErGfwvD5lC-w7faQvl0\/s16000\/file-20240827-18-f5czge.jpg\" \/\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\u003C\/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd class=\"tr-caption\" style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"background-color: white; color: #777777; font-family: \u0026quot;Libre Franklin\u0026quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; text-align: left;\"\u003EEuropean explorers named the continent, not Africans. Ipsumpix\/Corbis Historical\/Getty Images\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\u003C\/tr\u003E\u003C\/tbody\u003E\u003C\/table\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EIn fact, in many cases, the names are slurs aimed at demeaning such people or places. For example, we learn from the ancient Greek poet Homer’s accounts that when the Greeks first encountered the people of east Africa, they called them aethiops or Aithiops, meaning sun-burnt face. The ancient Jews referred to people of other nations and faith as gentiles, which was a slur that targeted them as outsiders. The ancient Chinese referred to people from Mongolia as barbarians, and the list goes on.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003ESometimes, the slur does not target the people directly – for example, when the culture and peoples of the continent are ignored in naming, like Africa or South Africa. Aphrike refers to the climate; South Africa refers to the geography. What the two examples have in common is their silence about the inhabitants, their culture and accomplishments. This implies the history of the place began with the namer, as if it were uninhabited before the namer arrived.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003EIs the name Africa a racial slur?\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003ENaming is a tool we use to identify objects and make sense of the world around us. To this extent, it’s a good and powerful thing. The problem is when some people decide to weaponise it, such as using slurs to denigrate others. Slavery, colonialism and racialised ideologies like apartheid in South Africa remain some of the worst weaponisation of naming through slurs.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EMy co-author and I argue in our paper that the name Africa is a racial slur. Aphrike or aprica refers to the hot climate of the continent, perhaps in exaggeration, with the false impression that the continent is “without cold”. If the continent is hot and without cold, that would make it the proverbial hell fire, would it not?\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003ELook at the meaning of aethiops. Here, the people found on the continent named sunny or without cold became people with sun-burnt faces. The inference is that the unforgiving sun burnt the skin of the inhabitants. When something is burnt or charred, we call it black.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EAny wonder why the defenders of scientific racism in some European universities in the 1700s and 1800s, especially at the University of Göttingen, Germany, decided to categorise the indigenous African peoples with the colour black, the American Indian with red, some Asian peoples with brown, others with yellow, and the European with white?\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EWe argue that these are various levels of degeneration except for white, which is unspoilt, pure and spotless. In our view, identifying a human being with any colours at all is racist. To identify as white is to discount others as non-whites, which is indirect racism, and to call someone by any other colour – like black – is a direct racial subordination.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EThe essence of the project of colour categorisation of humanity was to establish racial hierarchy as part of an attempt to defend scientific racism and justify slavery, colonial oppression and exploitation.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EYou argue for Africa’s name to be changed?\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EOh yes, we do. We believe it’s a terrible thing for an entire continent to be called by a slur. A good number of countries in Africa, like Zambia (Northern Rhodesia), Zimbabwe (Southern Rhodesia), Burkina Faso (Upper Volta), Ghana (Gold Coast), changed their names after political independence because they were slurs that demeaned their culture and denied their accomplishments as civilisations.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EWe argue that is what the continent should do too. It is even more pertinent because the name Africa has some really terrible cognates (names that have the same or similar nature) like aethiops and black (negro), which are the bedrock of modern anti-African racial segregation in America, apartheid in South Africa, and continuing racial subjugation elsewhere around the world.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EIn our research article we proposed thinking of a name like Anaesia – derived from two Igbo-African words, ana and esi, meaning land or place of origin – as a replacement for the name Africa. A name like Anaesia speaks to the facts of history about the continent as the first home of all humans and where the first human language was spoken.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EJO Chimakonam is an award-winning philosopher specialising in African philosophy and logic. He developed Conversational Philosophy and the Ezumezu logic system. Formerly at the University of Calabar, his research covers African Philosophy, Ethics, and Intercultural Philosophy, with publications in international journals.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E"},"link":[{"rel":"replies","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.srilankaguardian.org\/feeds\/1586301539253615734\/comments\/default","title":"Post Comments"},{"rel":"replies","type":"text/html","href":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/comment\/fullpage\/post\/2468613367801394261\/1586301539253615734?isPopup=true","title":"0 Comments"},{"rel":"edit","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/feeds\/2468613367801394261\/posts\/default\/1586301539253615734"},{"rel":"self","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/feeds\/2468613367801394261\/posts\/default\/1586301539253615734"},{"rel":"alternate","type":"text/html","href":"http:\/\/www.srilankaguardian.org\/2024\/08\/renaming-africa-is-africa-racial-slur.html","title":"Renaming Africa: Is ‘Africa’ a Racial Slur?"}],"author":[{"name":{"$t":"Unknown"},"email":{"$t":"noreply@blogger.com"},"gd$image":{"rel":"http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail","width":"16","height":"16","src":"https:\/\/img1.blogblog.com\/img\/b16-rounded.gif"}}],"media$thumbnail":{"xmlns$media":"http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/","url":"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/b\/R29vZ2xl\/AVvXsEhIIDWImHIQ9s1RCulaqAAPQTpwxB4JHuyVKHZKNIhIsA_rUxe1jJW6AoTHdOocWvesvfIZDNd0kGsCmOq1OaiGwsBpGwrd7T1lwz0E2ahpJXShFb0UdxqS33xj-wbwtl00DFc64wPko8gKiiiWf8lb8EjsVnH1MYPbSU76gpWnErGfwvD5lC-w7faQvl0\/s72-c\/file-20240827-18-f5czge.jpg","height":"72","width":"72"},"thr$total":{"$t":"0"}},{"id":{"$t":"tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2468613367801394261.post-4097098427604968792"},"published":{"$t":"2024-08-05T09:55:00.003+05:30"},"updated":{"$t":"2024-08-05T09:55:49.890+05:30"},"category":[{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"Africa"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"Columns"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"Corruption"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"feature"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"IMF"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"P. L. O. Lumumba"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"WorldBank"}],"title":{"type":"text","$t":"IMF and World Bank: Debt Traps for Africa"},"content":{"type":"html","$t":"\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003E\u003Cblockquote\u003EThe Bretton Woods Institutions, along with bilateral lenders, perpetuate financial slavery, keeping countries in a state of desperation.\u003C\/blockquote\u003E\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003Eby P. L. O. Lumumba\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EEditor’s Note: The following article is based on a recent speech delivered by the author. It offers a critical examination of the roles of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank in shaping the economic landscapes of post-colonial states, particularly in Africa.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EThe modern state, particularly the Westphalian state characterised by the division of the executive, legislature, and judiciary, is a European creation. Many young nations, especially those previously colonised, had this system imposed on them. Historically, imperial powers like Britain, France, Portugal, Italy, Germany, and Spain controlled these territories as external extensions of their own countries. For instance, the Dutch controlled Indonesia from the Netherlands. When these countries gained independence, they inherited a financial architecture that was foreign to them.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Ctable align=\"center\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" class=\"tr-caption-container\" style=\"margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\u003E\u003Ctbody\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/b\/R29vZ2xl\/AVvXsEgnUzBuSM-6pdehz4EQ7Xk1KdkD6kh3SrK5EJOuDjw53VC0X9dTXMOIEAKgmjXTkiy8O5gZfHnCobIY_ZQepEwX406QkQZq3pa8CfT3cj9z1QlE0etg-275WGENCJELABKJXo55wY2cShxzASymPk9owj0IuQy4jh8UrbF0D824SzuG2uqNwShLFQF9Azw\/s640\/mali_french_troops.jpg\" imageanchor=\"1\" style=\"margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\u003E\u003Cimg border=\"0\" data-original-height=\"401\" data-original-width=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/b\/R29vZ2xl\/AVvXsEgnUzBuSM-6pdehz4EQ7Xk1KdkD6kh3SrK5EJOuDjw53VC0X9dTXMOIEAKgmjXTkiy8O5gZfHnCobIY_ZQepEwX406QkQZq3pa8CfT3cj9z1QlE0etg-275WGENCJELABKJXo55wY2cShxzASymPk9owj0IuQy4jh8UrbF0D824SzuG2uqNwShLFQF9Azw\/s16000\/mali_french_troops.jpg\" \/\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\u003C\/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd class=\"tr-caption\" style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"background-color: white; color: #777777; font-family: \u0026quot;Libre Franklin\u0026quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; text-align: left;\"\u003EViolence in the Sahel region of Africa has been continual for more than a decade. [Credit: Photo by Maeva Bambuck\/AP\/Shutterstock]\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\u003C\/tr\u003E\u003C\/tbody\u003E\u003C\/table\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EThis alien system operated on taxation. In many African countries, they started with poll tax or hard tax. Taxation became the primary source of financing state affairs, including defence, civil service, and the importation of goods and services. However, it soon became clear that domestic resources obtained through taxation were insufficient to meet societal needs, leading to the necessity of loans. Colonial governments created institutions like the IMF and the World Bank to provide these loans, initially intended to rebuild European countries devastated by World War II. African and non-African countries in Asia and Latin America were later drafted into these institutions.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EEven though countries like Kenya and Nigeria are members and decision-makers of the World Bank and IMF, their membership is largely symbolic. These institutions were designed to ensure control over these nations. As the saying goes, the lender remains the master of the borrower. The international economic architecture is alien to many African countries, leading to a situation where they play a game they do not understand, resulting in indebtedness.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003ETo run these alien states, countries incur debt, and these institutions control their decision-making processes. The IMF and World Bank offer advisory services, which often lead countries into a debt trap where they can no longer repay their debts. This situation is exacerbated by political leadership that allows for corruption and wastage, making it impossible for countries to service their debts.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003ECountries find themselves borrowing domestically, from multilateral institutions like the IMF and World Bank, and bilaterally from nations such as China, Turkey, the United States, and the European Union. This borrowing reduces their ability to run their countries effectively, leading to a debt trap. The IMF and World Bank, through their advisory services, direct countries on how to manage their affairs, often to their detriment. These institutions are not benevolent; they are ‘bad Samaritans’ who want to see these countries struggling without ever achieving true freedom.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EThe IMF and World Bank, known as the Bretton Woods Institutions, often prescribe solutions that worsen the debt situation. In the 1980s, they introduced structural adjustment programs, urging governments to privatise state assets. This advice often led to negative consequences. For example, the IMF praised Argentina’s economy, only for it to collapse later. The same happened with Ghana. Their economic assessments rarely translate into real benefits on the ground, resulting in what I call statistical growth—a façade of prosperity while people continue to suffer.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EThe international economic and commercial architecture is designed by Western countries to keep African, Latin American, and some Asian countries in a perpetual state of desperation. This economic dominance allows for the exploitation of these countries’ resources, perpetuating financial slavery. Aid and loans from the Bretton Woods Institutions only ensure that these countries remain in a state of servitude.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003ESome countries, like Russia, have successfully moved away from the orbit of the IMF and World Bank, demonstrating that it is possible to achieve economic growth independently. Russia, a resource-rich country, resisted economic dominance by moving away from dollarisation and the IMF-World Bank influence, leading to robust economic growth. This example suggests that African, Asian, and Latin American countries can also achieve economic independence.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EEconomic blocs like the East African Community, SADC, and ECOWAS can help smaller nations achieve viability. Tanzania has started to encourage spending in its own currency, and Russia and China conduct transactions in their respective currencies. True freedom can only be achieved by breaking free from institutions that perpetuate indebtedness. Thomas Sankara, former President of Burkina Faso, once suggested that African countries should stop repaying these debts and treat them as reparations for colonisation.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EAfrican and Latin American countries must stand their ground and challenge the insidious loans from the IMF and World Bank. Countries like India and Indonesia, despite being large economies, are also heavily indebted. If these countries united to reject these unfair loans, meaningful solutions could be found.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003ECountries like Kenya find themselves in eternal servitude due to unsustainable debt levels. It is possible to liberate economies through effective resource use and avoiding unnecessary loans. Botswana, for example, maintains low levels of indebtedness by living within its means. Other countries like Guinea, Burkina Faso, and the Democratic Republic of Congo could also achieve this by utilising their resources effectively.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EThe IMF and World Bank’s influence extends to the crafting of national budgets, where they impose conditionalities that often lead to over-taxation and public dissatisfaction. This economic stranglehold prevents countries from achieving true economic freedom. Countries need to critically examine their governance structures, reduce wastage, and ensure efficient use of resources to break free from these debt traps.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EAfrican economists, central bankers, and policymakers must develop models to achieve debt-free economies or manageable debt levels. While loans can be beneficial if used wisely, reliance on them should be minimised. By using their resources effectively, countries can gain greater opportunities for self-expression and political independence.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EThe Bretton Woods Institutions, along with bilateral lenders, perpetuate financial slavery, keeping countries in a state of desperation. However, with strategic planning and efficient resource management, countries can achieve economic freedom and break free from the control of these institutions.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Ci\u003EProf. Patrick Loch Otieno Lumumba ( P.L.O. Lumumba) is a prominent Kenyan lawyer and activist known for his staunch anti-corruption advocacy. He currently serves as the director of the Kenya School of Law, following his tenure as the director of the Kenya Anti-Corruption Commission from July 2010 to August 2017. Lumumba is celebrated for his impassioned speeches and writings, which highlight the imperative of integrity and transparency in governance. His career has been defined by a relentless commitment to legal reform and ethical leadership, making him a pivotal figure in Kenya's ongoing battle against corruption and a respected voice on matters of law and governance across Africa.\u003C\/i\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E"},"link":[{"rel":"replies","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.srilankaguardian.org\/feeds\/4097098427604968792\/comments\/default","title":"Post Comments"},{"rel":"replies","type":"text/html","href":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/comment\/fullpage\/post\/2468613367801394261\/4097098427604968792?isPopup=true","title":"0 Comments"},{"rel":"edit","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/feeds\/2468613367801394261\/posts\/default\/4097098427604968792"},{"rel":"self","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/feeds\/2468613367801394261\/posts\/default\/4097098427604968792"},{"rel":"alternate","type":"text/html","href":"http:\/\/www.srilankaguardian.org\/2024\/08\/imf-and-world-bank-debt-traps-for-africa.html","title":"IMF and World Bank: Debt Traps for Africa"}],"author":[{"name":{"$t":"Unknown"},"email":{"$t":"noreply@blogger.com"},"gd$image":{"rel":"http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail","width":"16","height":"16","src":"https:\/\/img1.blogblog.com\/img\/b16-rounded.gif"}}],"media$thumbnail":{"xmlns$media":"http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/","url":"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/b\/R29vZ2xl\/AVvXsEgnUzBuSM-6pdehz4EQ7Xk1KdkD6kh3SrK5EJOuDjw53VC0X9dTXMOIEAKgmjXTkiy8O5gZfHnCobIY_ZQepEwX406QkQZq3pa8CfT3cj9z1QlE0etg-275WGENCJELABKJXo55wY2cShxzASymPk9owj0IuQy4jh8UrbF0D824SzuG2uqNwShLFQF9Azw\/s72-c\/mali_french_troops.jpg","height":"72","width":"72"},"thr$total":{"$t":"0"}},{"id":{"$t":"tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2468613367801394261.post-1573058635409560343"},"published":{"$t":"2024-02-22T09:58:00.003+05:30"},"updated":{"$t":"2024-02-22T09:58:31.571+05:30"},"category":[{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"Africa"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"Breaking News"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"feature"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"Health"},{"scheme":"http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#","term":"Human Rights"}],"title":{"type":"text","$t":"Cholera Still Poses Risks in Zambia Despite Decrease in Cases"},"content":{"type":"html","$t":"\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003E\u003Cblockquote\u003EOne of the most significant risk factors for cholera is a lack of proper water and sanitation infrastructure—infrastructure that remains substandard for many in Zambia.\u003C\/blockquote\u003E\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EZambia is facing its largest cholera outbreak in at least a decade, with more than 600 deaths recorded since October 2023. The number of daily cases has significantly decreased since the end of 2023—enough for the government to reopen schools after a month’s delay. But the threat is still looming, noted Sarah Nyirongo Ngoma from the Midwives Association of Zambia in an interview.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Ctable align=\"center\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" class=\"tr-caption-container\" style=\"margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\u003E\u003Ctbody\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/b\/R29vZ2xl\/AVvXsEiENl5hIqdyIFrAr9aOBvL8SwNBAlD8cWaaEB15rAY3H14JOdX3KJ_9kPc0FL4Y1nPlZoZUaT0v1178f8MuoqVxl0Si3LySJdSjgqArKSdLeSTiMozMabZ7uiCG7wJftiD7StzZCEDSf4YPEtGdizQqo88jW0GAR4jPifAfnPEMLpmlJXnFlc1US7TqtPs\/s640\/zambia-colera.jpg\" imageanchor=\"1\" style=\"margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\u003E\u003Cimg border=\"0\" data-original-height=\"426\" data-original-width=\"640\" height=\"426\" src=\"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/b\/R29vZ2xl\/AVvXsEiENl5hIqdyIFrAr9aOBvL8SwNBAlD8cWaaEB15rAY3H14JOdX3KJ_9kPc0FL4Y1nPlZoZUaT0v1178f8MuoqVxl0Si3LySJdSjgqArKSdLeSTiMozMabZ7uiCG7wJftiD7StzZCEDSf4YPEtGdizQqo88jW0GAR4jPifAfnPEMLpmlJXnFlc1US7TqtPs\/w640-h426\/zambia-colera.jpg\" width=\"640\" \/\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\u003C\/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd class=\"tr-caption\" style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"background-color: white; color: #777777; font-family: \u0026quot;Libre Franklin\u0026quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; text-align: left;\"\u003E[Photo: © Laurence Hoenig\/MSF]\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\u003C\/tr\u003E\u003C\/tbody\u003E\u003C\/table\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EThe case fatality rate remains high at 3.5 percent, as opposed to the WHO threshold of less than 1 percent. That circumstances appear better than two months ago shouldn’t be taken as reason enough for complacency, Ngoma warns. Instead, she says, both the government and international public health authorities should seize the moment to carry out more education programs.\u0026nbsp;\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EEqually importantly, she says, they should improve living conditions that facilitated the outbreak in the first place. One of the most significant risk factors for cholera is a lack of proper water and sanitation infrastructure—infrastructure that remains substandard for many in Zambia.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EThroughout the outbreak, such infrastructure has not been improved. While the government and non-government organizations, health workers’ associations, and international agencies ensured the delivery of enough protective equipment and chlorine to cholera centers and other health institutions, strategic interventions were lacking.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003EIn order to improve water and sanitation infrastructure, the government should be able to invest adequate resources. But this is complicated by the high debt burden that Zambia continues to carry, depleting its public services and infrastructure budget. In 2021, the country spent more on servicing debt than on investments in health, water, and sanitation combined.\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Cbr \/\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: justify;\"\u003E\u003Ci\u003E\u003Cb\u003Efrom the Peoples Dispatch \/ Globetrotter News Service\u003C\/b\u003E\u003C\/i\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E"},"link":[{"rel":"replies","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.srilankaguardian.org\/feeds\/1573058635409560343\/comments\/default","title":"Post Comments"},{"rel":"replies","type":"text/html","href":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/comment\/fullpage\/post\/2468613367801394261\/1573058635409560343?isPopup=true","title":"0 Comments"},{"rel":"edit","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/feeds\/2468613367801394261\/posts\/default\/1573058635409560343"},{"rel":"self","type":"application/atom+xml","href":"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/feeds\/2468613367801394261\/posts\/default\/1573058635409560343"},{"rel":"alternate","type":"text/html","href":"http:\/\/www.srilankaguardian.org\/2024\/02\/cholera-still-poses-risks-in-zambia.html","title":"Cholera Still Poses Risks in Zambia Despite Decrease in Cases"}],"author":[{"name":{"$t":"Unknown"},"email":{"$t":"noreply@blogger.com"},"gd$image":{"rel":"http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail","width":"16","height":"16","src":"https:\/\/img1.blogblog.com\/img\/b16-rounded.gif"}}],"media$thumbnail":{"xmlns$media":"http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/","url":"https:\/\/blogger.googleusercontent.com\/img\/b\/R29vZ2xl\/AVvXsEiENl5hIqdyIFrAr9aOBvL8SwNBAlD8cWaaEB15rAY3H14JOdX3KJ_9kPc0FL4Y1nPlZoZUaT0v1178f8MuoqVxl0Si3LySJdSjgqArKSdLeSTiMozMabZ7uiCG7wJftiD7StzZCEDSf4YPEtGdizQqo88jW0GAR4jPifAfnPEMLpmlJXnFlc1US7TqtPs\/s72-w640-h426-c\/zambia-colera.jpg","height":"72","width":"72"},"thr$total":{"$t":"0"}}]}});