We will pursue our goals and ideals steadfastly



Note From Editor in Chief

[January 01, 2009, Colombo, Sri Lanka Guardian]While we heartily wish our readers a New Year of blessings, this is an opportune moment for us to re-state our goals and ideals as the voice of the people of Sri Lanka be they Sinhalese, Tamil, Muslim, Malay, Burgher or whoever to whom Sri Lanka is home. We will steadfastly remain their voices and the Sri Lanka Guardian will be their forum.

We have, to our great regret noted that some writers have attempted to use this forum to air their prejudices and bigoted and blinkered views on race, religion and other matters. Some even tried to drag in historical material to establish that one race has supremacy over the other and therefore more legitimate and that Sri Lanka is the land of the Sinhala people.

These writers not only took negative and indeed harmful views on the challenges we are facing in the country but also abused the privileges they were generously extended in this forum. They failed to appreciate our good gesture and also our avowed view that Sri Lanka is a nation of diverse communities which is a historical reality.
We published some of these features more to impress on the government that such highly opinionated, narrow-minded intolerance still survives in Sri Lanka to the detriment of the country and that it should make haste and bring about a solution to the ethnic problem.

But unfortunately, this has not happened and Sri Lanka is fast-spiraling into a racially chaotic situation and this has affected us on many fronts. We were also shocked beyond belief when Major-General Sarath Fonseka entrusted with the responsibility of liberating Wanni, a Tamil enclave, told a Canadian journalist that Sri Lanka belongs to the Sinhalese and other communities live by the good grace of the Sinhala people. This was highly offensive and in our columns we have taken strong exceptions to this statement.

Just the way we reacted to the army chief, we will not tolerate anyone claiming that Sri Lanka only belongs to the Sinhalese. Should such a claim have credence, then virtually every community in the world will have to return home to Africa from which they moved away centuries ago.

Beginning today, Sri Lanka Guardian will publish political features that are positive in content seeking a just solution to the ethnic problem. We will certainly encourage writers to share the pros and cons of any controversy but will not tolerate features that will claim supremacy of one community over another and also contentions being made from dubious sources on racial and religious matters that are offensive.

We will take up social justice issues and will certainly fight corruption and other evils that plague our country to the bitter end. We will leave no stone unturned to expose organizations and individuals who hurt the country through devious means and more particularly whatever that harms the interests of the vulnerable, elderly, young people and children in general.

We strongly urge writers who have their own agendas to promote that are in conflict with the well being of Sri Lanka not to send in their features to us; we will certainly not publish them. As regards a solution for the ethnic crisis much has been said, various possible solutions have been aired, suggested or proposed and Sri Lanka Guardian too has expressed its views on numerous occasions.

It is now for the Government of Sri Lanka to reach an honourable and just solution which will enshrine the fact that Sri Lanka is the land of the Sinhalese, Tamils, Muslims, Malays, Burghers and others to whom this country is home and that no one race lives by the good grace of another.
The Editors and our writers extend to our readers their warm New Year wishes praying that honour and justice will return to our country soon. They are dedicated to this commitment.
- Sri Lanka Guardian

This is 2009: Whither Sri Lanka?



And now comes a new danger that challenges the independence of the judiciary. A new organization given rise from the rotten heaps of racial and religious bigotry has had the audacity to state that lawyers who appear for suspected terrorists or those arrested on charges of terror activities are traitors to the country.

by Vinoli Samarakoon, Ram Sivanesan and Jacinta Cruz

( January 01, Colombo ,Sri Lanka Guardian) Fifty years ago, a foolish and insensitive Government of Sri Lanka opted to recognize the status of the majority community of Sri Lanka as the primary race that should be the principal player; all others were treated secondary and even made to feel unwelcome to be considered Sri Lankans. This proved to be an enormous foul-up, and racial and religious bigots began to support this stand even dwelling deep into dubious historical contentions to claim that anyone other than a Sinhalese did not belong to Sri Lanka unless of course they were willing to accept a secondary status.

A nightmare consequence to this ill-determined racist measure is that Sri Lanka is now poised on the brink of anarchic bedlam. All that the country has had for five decades were racial violence and bloodshed, one of them a near-genocidal one, utter mess in respect of mounting infrastructures essential for economic development, large scale overseas migration of experts and professionals, thousands of young Sri Lankan maids seeking slave employment under horrendous conditions in the Middle East, rampant corruption and saturation of the country with arms, and nurturing a terror force considered the most brutal in the whole world.

As a new year dawns there seem no end to this hideous and horrible state of affairs and the country continues to be held in ransom by racial and religious extremism and terrorism and that in a country where Buddhism, Hinduism, Christianity and Islam prevail.

On the heels of this awesome reality, we note another destructive force that has begun to drive its roots in the country. For some years now journalists have been game to these evil forces. Sri Lanka probably has earned the infamous reputation as the country that has the largest number of journalists killed in proportion to its population. Just about every diverse extremist and terror organization has the blood of journalists in their hands. The record is absolutely terrifying and dreadful.

And now comes a new danger that challenges the independence of the judiciary. A new organization given rise from the rotten heaps of racial and religious bigotry has had the audacity to state that lawyers who appear for suspected terrorists or those arrested on charges of terror activities are traitors to the country.

Unfortunately, this catchphrase clarion call or whatever one may call this deadly propaganda has been published in some official websites which alone challenges the integrity of the Government of Sri Lanka.

The names of some lawyers who have appeared for people hauled up before courts have been published which virtually amounts to a sentence of death on these officials of the court by terror squads with which Sri Lanka has been familiar for five decades now.

It is the much respected tradition of civilized countries that a person is innocent until proven guilty. Even when found guilty, he or she enjoys the privilege to appeal against such an order to a higher court and can go up to the highest court in the country, the Supreme Court. A mere arrest or charge does not condemn a person as guilty. Furthermore anyone charged with a crime has the right to counsel who is considered an official of the court.

A counsel not only represents the rights of a person charged but also helps the court to arrive at a decision to ensure no person is denied a fair trial. If these fundamentals are to be overlooked and some wild gangs are intent on meting out judgments and if this is being tolerated, then Sri Lanka has surely slipped into anarchy.

While there are certain forces in Sri Lanka who still remain hooked to bigotry, they are also receiving a great deal of encouragement from the Sri Lankan Diaspora who while having it good in their new homelands, are also encouraging the dark forces in their motherland unable and unwilling to understand that everyone who lives in Sri Lanka as a citizen is a Sri Lankan and is entitled to all citizenship rights and privileges without any discrimination whatsoever.

Those who have given up Sri Lankan citizenship should not nurture or promote racial or religious biases of any kind in Sri Lanka.

We are at the threshold of another year and it is hoped the Government of Sri Lanka will take a statesmanship stand and bring this ethnic crisis to an end by recognizing the rights of every citizen as fundamental to the racial and religious unity of this country.
- Sri Lanka Guardian

Eyeless in Gaza*

_____________________

by Tisaranee Gunasekara

“World war two was fought for near holy motives. But I stand convinced that the brand of justice in which we dealt, wholesale bombings of civilian populations, was blasphemous. That the enemy did it first has nothing to do with the moral problem. - Kurt Vonnegut Jr (Armageddon in Retrospect)

(January 01, Colombo, Sri Lanka Guardian) International community’s indifference to the carnage unleashed by Israel in Gaza is best described in the memorable words of Harold Pinter: “It never happened. Nothing ever happened. Even while it was happening it wasn’t happening” (Arts, Theatre and Politics – 2005 Nobel Lecture). For the last several days death and destruction had rained on Gaza, already pulverised by the brutal blockade imposed on it by Tel Aviv. In a small, tightly packed city, large scale and repeated aerial bombardment cannot but kill and injure civilians; and as experiences from other battlefields (from Iraq and Afghanistan to Serbia and Sri Lanka) prove there are no smart bombs which kill ‘terrorists’ and spare civilians. But for those who defend Israeli’s Blitzkreig as an unavoidable act of self defence against a recalcitrant terrorist outfit, these civilian dead, murdered in their homes and workplaces, mosques and universities, are inconsequential, almost invisible.

Given Israel’s determination to ‘defeat’ Hamas, at whatever cost to any number of ordinary Palestinians, the situation in Gaza will deteriorate even further. The expected ground offensive is bound to cause an exponential increase in civilian deaths. And each bomb, each shell, each death will become a seed of hatred sown in soil made fertile by the blood, tears and curses of the innocent. Irrespective of the degree of real damage Israel manages to inflict on the Hamas, the invasion will not bring about peace or stability but fury and hatred sufficient to keep Middle East bloody for several more decades. Already in the West Bank, there is talk of a Third Intifada. And the ranks of organisations such as Al Qaeda and Hezbollah will be filled by the young and the frustrated from all over the Islamic world thirsting for revenge from Israel and its US ally. Inside Israel the right wing intransigents, who are opposed to any form of peace, reconciliation or modus vivendi with the Palestinians and the Arabs, will feel vindicated and strengthened. The only lasting achievement of Israel’s invasion will be a decisive shift in favour of contending fundamentalisms throughout the Middle East and beyond. Gaza will rejuvenate the forces of religious and racial extremism which seemed to be in retreat after the historic triumph of Barack Hussein Obama.

POLITICS OF POLARISATION

Israeli newspaper Haaretz has revealed that Israeli Defence Minister Ehud Barack ordered the planning of the Gaza offensive six months ago, even as a ceasefire was being negotiated with the Hamas. This invasion was thus no sudden impulse, but a well thought out action. The question then is: why did Israel opt for this path, particularly after the salutary lesson she learnt in Lebanon?

According to an opinion poll by the Palestinian Centre for Policy and Survey Research published on December 11th, 42% of Palestinians support Fatah while only 28% back Hamas. That was before Israel began its Blitzkrieg in Gaza. Given the declining support for Hamas and the possibility of a Fatah victory at the next election, Israel’s decision to undertake an action which is bound enable Hamas regain its lost popularity is puzzling, to say the least. Was it because the Israeli government wanted to improve its chances at the February elections? Was it also because Israel does not want Palestinians to be led by a leader who is not just secular and moderate but is also hugely popular? According to the pre-invasion opinion poll 64% of Palestinians believe that President Mahamoud Abbas’ term should end on January 9th, as Hamas demands. But the leader most of them want in Abbas’ stead is not the Hamas candidate for Presidency, Ismail Haniyeh, but the Secretary General of Fatah, Marwan Barghouti (the charismatic leader of the Second Intifada) currently serving five life terms in an Israel jail. Barghouti, a radical moderate (he has a Masters in international relations and speaks fluent English and Hebrew) would be the ideal Palestinian partner for any new peace process undertaken by an Obama administration. Did Israel want to prevent the transfer of Palestinian leadership to such an acceptable alternative? Is the attack on Gaza aimed at military weakening Hamas vis-à-vis Israel while politically strengthening it vis-à-vis Fatah, thereby keeping the Palestinians under the leadership of an organisation branded as a terrorist group in most Western capitals?

Extremism and maximalism are mutually sustaining. Israel enabled the creation of the Hamas because it wanted to facilitate a religious challenge to the secular PLO, to weaken Palestinian resistance by dividing it along religious lines. Arafat’s PLO with its consciously and uncompromisingly secular ideology was a home for all Palestinians, to those of the Islamic as well as Christian faiths. The high level presence of people such as Hanan Ashrawi (a Christian and a John Donne scholar) embodied Arafat’s success at nation building for his stateless people. In response, the rightwing Likud party came up with a strategy of encouraging a religious alternative to the PLO. When in 1978 Sheik Ahmed Yassin, a religious leader in Gaza, applied for a license for his humanitarian organisation, Islamic Association, the government of Menacham Begin responded positively. Not only was Sheik Yassin permitted to publish a newspaper and raise funds; Israeli authorities aided the new organisation (including monetarily) through its system of Village Councils, manned by tamed Palestinians. The Hamas was born from this Israeli assisted Islamic Association. It was a classic case of the unity of the anti-thesis, of contending extremisms working in tandem to undermine the moderate alternative.

Politics of Salvation results in government of, by and for the ‘chosen people’, chosen on the basis of a primordial identity - either ethnicity or religion. And like all political movements based on an ideology of exclusion/suspicion towards the ethnic/religious ‘other’, the ideal of the adherents of this ‘politics of salvation’ is a land which is pure, a land purified of alien/heretical presence, a land which is the exclusive preserve of their own ethnic or religious community. This is the way of all fundamentalisms, including the Israeli right and the Hamas. What most fundamentalists forget (and what Samuel Huntington left out of his ‘Clash of Civilisations’ thesis) is that this was not the way of Islam at the zenith of its power and glory. In its golden age Islamic civilisation was more tolerant, more open than its Catholic counterparts in Europe. The ancient wisdom of the Greeks, turned into a heresy by the newly Christianised Rome, survived first in Zoroastrian Persia and then in the two Islamic Caliphates in Syria and Baghdad. The Umayyad Caliphate in Spain functioned as a key transmission belt for this knowledge to enter Christian Europe. At the height of Islam’s power and glory, the clash of civilisations had different battle lines - tolerance and openness then were Islamic virtues while the West prided itself on its closed mind. Hamas and every other Islamic fundamentalist organisation represent the antithesis of these values and characteristics which distinguished and illuminated Islamic civilisation in its hour of hegemony.

WHICH DESTINY?

According to the pre-invasion opinion poll, 74% of Palestinians wanted the de facto ceasefire between Israel and Hamas to be renewed. If Israel had responded with restraint to Hamas’ refusal to extend the ceasefire (limiting its response to occasional surgical strikes rather than a full scale attack), Palestinian anger would have targeted Hamas and its intransigence. But by launching a frontal assault on Gaza Israel vindicated the worst fears and feelings about the Jewish state in the Arab World. To use large scale aerial bombing on a small and a populous city, without warning, is a crime by any standards, legal or moral. It is as if a giant is using a siege engine, repeatedly, against an anthill - the powerful against the powerless; Goliath against David. Hamas’ terror attacks cannot justify Israel’s hugely disproportionate response. What is at issue is not Israel’s right to self-defence but ‘proportion’. There is no comparison between Israel and Hamas, in terms of military prowess or wealth. Hamas cannot destroy Israel and to say it is a threat to Israel’s survival is a lie of Gobbelsian proportions and ingenuity.

How will this tragedy play out? It is still possible for Israel to halt the offensive, release Barghouti from jail and push for early Presidential and General elections in the Palestinian territories. But if the invasion continues and a ground offensive follows, and Barghouti is not released from jail, Hamas is likely to win the next election, on a wave of popular anger and hatred. It is noteworthy that according to the pre-invasion Palestinian opinion poll, 20% remained undecided and 10% said they will back small third parties. If this 30%, in their just anger against the invasion and President Abbas’ cravenly conduct, back Hamas, Hamas will be the victor. Is this what Israel wants to achieve?

The Israel we know today may not have been possible without Adolf Hitler and the Holocaust. Without Slobodan Milosevic not only the separation of Kosovo but even the disintegration of Yugoslavia could have been prevented. Israel should know that even millennia of oppression and persecution cannot break the will of a people to survive. Perhaps Israel believes that the best way to prevent (or pushback) the birth of a Palestinian state is to keep the leadership of the Palestine people in the hands of those who are manifestly anti-civilisational. This would explain Israel’s original support for Sheik Yassin; it would also mean that Israel would do whatever it takes to prevent the re-emergence of a militantly moderate and secular Palestinian leadership, in the tradition of Yasser Arafat.

Former US Secretary of State George Schultz famously complained that Arafat was willing to say ‘unc’ and ‘cle’ but never ‘uncle’. In June 1976 the United States vetoed a new UN Security Council resolution on the Middle East based on the acceptance of the right of existence of both the state of Israel and of a new independent state of Palestine in the Occupied Territories (in this sense it was both a precursor of and a far more just version of the Oslo Agreement). Noam Chomsky quoting Chaim Herzog (the then Israel Ambassador to the UN and later the President of Israel) states that this resolution not only had the backing of the PLO but that it was actually prepared by the PLO (The Chomsky Reader). Arafat was thus willing to compromise (unlike Hamas) but unwilling to capitulate (unlike Abbas). A moderate Israel would have welcomed such a partner; but an Israel, subsumed by fear and in thrall to extremism, had to discredit and destroy him and help enthrone in his place an alternative which is the mirror image of its own intransigent hard right.

Palestine will have a future, Israel will know normalcy, and Middle East achieve peace only if the leadership of the Palestinian people passes back into the hands of a moderately militant leader and the West, this time around, has the sense to back him. However given the blinding malice of Israel and the blinding indifference of the West, the opposite outcome is likely to happen. Palestinians, angered by Israel’s barbarism and the world’s inconsideration, will back Hamas (particularly if Barghouti remains in jail and Abbas re-contests the Presidency). The Israel elections will produce a government which believes it has a mandate not to work for peace but to wage war. Thus in the Palestinian territories and in Israel, religio-racial fundamentalists will become dominant, making the necessary peace process impossible. Caught between these contending and colluding extremisms, Palestinian and Israeli people will be compelled to rut in their mutually destructive embrace for many more years to come.

* Eyeless in Gaza is the title of a novel by Aldous Huxley
- Sri Lanka Guardian

"Terrorism should be crushed from all fronts", says Secretary Defence

(January 01, Colombo, Sri Lanka Guardian) Today's soldiers, sailors and airmen are required to be competent in a broad array of war fighting tasks. We have to confront terrorism with force to crush it, and crush it forever. Terrorism has to be confronted with military force at every level. We owe it to our future generations to combat terrorism in all its forms and to defeat it convincingly", said Secretary Defence Mr. Gotabaya Rajapaksa during the address delivered at the 2nd convocation ceremony of the Batalanda Defence Services Command and Staff College, on Tuesday (Dec 30).

"As a country we were bold enough to do that. We have not won the war yet, the battle is not over, but we are winning", he further asserted.

Fifty eight senior officers from Armed Forces and Police, obtained their psc (Passed Staff College) degree in a grand ceremony held at the DSCSC.

37 officers from the Sri Lanka Army, 8 officers from the Sri Lanka Navy, 12 officers from the Sri Lanka Air Force and one officer from the Police Department who successfully completed the course here and abroad received their parchments from the Secretary Defence Mr. Gotabaya Rajapaksa, the Chief Guest of the ceremony.

This is the second convocation of the institution after it was elevated to the status of DSCSC in January 2007.

Following are excerpts of the speech delivered by the Secretary Defence at the DSCSC on Tuesday.
First of all, let me thank the Commandant and the staff of the Defence Services Command and Staff College for inviting me as the chief guest of the graduation ceremony today. I would also like to compliment the staff and the student officers for completing another successful course.

I am sure, all officers graduating today have now acquired a deep insight into the deployment of armed forces in tactical operations. You will be able to confidently handle all operational and administrative staff functions in the formations. You may also have cultivated an interest in broadening your vision, professional foundation and outlook. These are ingredients necessary for you to be an operational leader.

The time has come for us to develop effective leaders for the on-going battle against terrorism. The importance of military leadership at all levels remains at a high level. In order to win in a counter terrorism environment, bold leadership is an essential quality that all leaders should possess.

Dynamic leadership at every level, from sergeant to general, is imperative. Combat in counter terrorism is frequently a small-unit leader's fight; however, commanders' actions at battalion, brigade and division levels remain very critical. Senior leaders, therefore, set the conditions and the tone for all actions by their subordinates.

Today's soldiers, sailors and airmen are required to be competent in a broad array of war fighting tasks. We have to confront terrorism with force to crush it, and crush it forever. Terrorism has to be confronted with military force at every level. We owe it to our future generations to combat terrorism in all its forms and to defeat it convincingly.

Therefore, we have to confront terrorists militarily. We, as a country were bold enough to do that.

We have not won the war yet, the battle is not over, but we are winning.

Our mission was very clear from the very start. No ambiguity whatsoever. We were absolutely clear that our commitment is first and foremost to the national security. This was the right thing to do. It has been fully justified and has the full support of the public. We have the public support, not only for the military, but for our mission as well.

From the very beginning, we knew our mission was achievable. We knew, we could win provided we have a bold political and military leadership, sound plans, adequate manpower and correct equipment.

We knew how to achieve our mission, but in the process, we had to make some sacrifices. But, those sacrifices are worth it. Those sacrifices, ladies and gentlemen, are to save our beloved motherland from total disintegration. Some international speakers talk about terrorism,

The terrorists are exploiting the freedoms and the legal systems and the civil and human rights that Sri Lanka has guaranteed. I strongly believe that a balance must be achieved between the need to uphold human rights and national security considerations.

I am inspired by the buoyant determination, professionalism and extraordinary spirit of our troops. Their morale is high; their sense of mission is strong; their pride palpable and contagious.
Indeed, very often those confronted with the most dangerous task are those most up for it, most resolute.
- Sri Lanka Guardian

"Govt. allocates 600 million to white elephant Mihinair"



(January 01, Colombo, Sri Lanka Guardian) UNP M.P., P. Harrison addressing a meeting at Matale said, the Govt. is holding back even the petrol price relief granted by the Supreme Court on the ground that it needs all those profits for Govt. expenditure . In that case, on what excuse did it allocate Rs.600 million to revive the Mihinair which closed down under a cloud of corruption and unaccountable losses wasting people’s funds? he asked.

The Govt. is covering up its corruption , fiscal bungles, war weaknesses and bankruptcy by talking of the war. Bodies of innocent youths who die in the battlefields are being brought in large numbers to their villages, he bemoaned.

The Govt. is corrupt from the very top to the very bottom and is only cheating the masses, not solving their problems, he added.
- Sri Lanka Guardian

"Govt.’s ‘Breaking news’ only served to break people’s hearts and hopes for New Year"



(January 01, Colombo, Sri Lanka Guardian) The Govt. made a big din yesterday (30 Dec) , with a ‘breaking news’ broadcas and telecast every hour as though it has granted massive relief to the economically devastated people, after reducing a Rs. 2.00 on a liter of petrol, said UNP M.P. Gayantha Karunatileke addressing a special media briefing at the UNP Leader’s Office at Cambridge place today (31 Dec).

The Govt. made loud and hourly announcements that it has granted the biggest relief ever in the history of SL. What the Govt. provided was not relief , but deceit , he regretted . When the Supreme Court (SC) took so much pain to deliver the carefully thought out relief to the people fixing the price of petrol at Rs. 100.00 per liter . The Govt. on the other hand took every step possible to delay and deny this relief .

Finally , in the midst of a big din it announced its Rs. 2.00 price reduction. Probably , the Govt. which has no means or measures to truly give relief to the people is resorting to comic relief with its largest Cabinet of the World of comical Ministers, he quipped. The Govt. is only concerned about sustaining its white elephant of a Cabinet gobbling up the people’s funds. The reason why the Govt. after taxing an extortionate 180% cannot reduce the price of petrol to Rs. 100.00 even after the SC directive is because all the profits derived from this tax burden on the people are spent on the Cabinet of Ministers, their extravagant tours and covering up corruption losses, he lamented.

Even these small price reductions were considered y the Gov. only after the UNP launched massive protests and took the Govt. to Courts , he observed.

Going by the UNP ‘s past price structures when it was in power , if UNP is in power now, it would have easily sold petrol at Rs.70.00 per liter , while gas and others would have been sold at drastically low prices, he noted. Hence, the UNP as decide to stage open protests against the Govt.’s extortion pricings until reasonable prices are worked out by the Govt. , he concluded.
- Sri Lanka Guardian

May We No Longer Be Silent



America's Crimes "Never Happened"

by Paul Craig Roberts

(January 01, Washington, Sri Lanka Guardian) The title of my article comes from the sermon of the Episcopal Bishop of Washington DC, John Bryson Chane, delivered on October 5, 2008, at St. Columba Church. The bishop’s eyes were opened to Israel’s persecution of Palestinians by his recent trip to Palestine. In his sermon he called on “politicians seeking the highest office in [our] land” to find the courage to “speak out and condemn violations of human rights and religious freedom denied to Palestinian Christians and Muslims” by the state of Israel.
Bishop Chane’s courage was to no avail. When America’s new leader of “change” was informed of Israel’s massive air attack on the Gaza Ghetto, an area of 139 square miles where Israel confines 1.4 million Arabs and tightly controls the inflow of all resources--food, medicine, water, energy--America’s president-elect Obama had “no comment.”

According to the Jerusalem Post ( December 26), “at 11:30 a.m., more than 50 fighter jets and attack helicopters swept into Gazan airspace and dropped more than 100 bombs on 50 targets. . . . Thirty minutes later, a second wave of 60 jets and helicopters struck at 60 targets . . . More than 170 targets were hit by IAF aircraft throughout the day. At least 230 Gazans were killed and over 780 were wounded . . .”

As I write, news reports are that Israel is sending tanks and infantry reinforcements in preparation for a ground invasion of Gaza.

Israel’s excuse for its violence is that from time to time the Palestinian resistance organization, Hamas, fires off rockets into Israel to protest the ghetto life that Israel imposes on Gazans. The rockets are ineffectual for the most part and seldom claim Israeli casualties. However, the real purpose for the Israeli attack is to destroy Hamas.

In 2006 the US insisted that the Palestinians in Gaza and the West Bank hold free elections. When free elections were held, Hamas won. This was unacceptable to the Americans and Israelis. In the West Bank, the Americans and Israelis imposed a puppet government, but Hamas held on in Gaza. After unheeded warnings to the Gazans to rid themselves of Hamas and accept a puppet government, Israel has decided to destroy the freely elected government with violence.

Ehud Barak, who is overseeing the latest act of Israeli aggression, said in interviews addressed to the British and American publics that asking Israel to agree to a ceasefire with Hamas would be like asking the US to agree to a ceasefire with al Qaeda. The terrorism that Israel inflicts on Palestinians goes unremarked.

According to the London Times (December 28), “Britain and the United States were on a collision course with their European allies last night after refusing to call for an end to Israeli airstrikes on Hamas targets in Gaza. The wave of attacks marked a violent end to President George W. Bush’s sporadic Middle East peace efforts. The White House put the blame squarely on Hamas.” The British government also blamed Hamas.

For the US and UK governments, Israel can do no wrong. Israel doesn’t have to stop withholding food, medicine, water, and energy, but Hamas must stop protesting by firing off rockets. In violation of international law, Israel can drive West Bank Palestinians off their lands and out of their villages and give the stolen properties to “settlers.” Israel can delay Palestinians in need of emergency medical care at checkpoints until their lives ebb away. Israeli snipers can get their jollies murdering Palestinian children.

The Great Moral Anglo-Americans couldn’t care less.

In his 2005 Nobel Lecture, British playwright Harold Pinter held the United States and its British puppet state accountable for “the systematic brutality, the widespread atrocities, the ruthless suppression of independent thought.” Everyone knows that such crimes occurred in the Soviet Union and in its East European empire, but “US crimes in the same period have only been superficially recorded, let alone documented, let alone acknowledged, let alone recognized as crimes at all,” this despite the fact that “the United States’ actions throughout the world made it clear that it had concluded it had carte blanche to do what it liked.”

Soviet crimes, like Nazi ones, are documented in gruesome detail, but America’s crimes “never happened. Nothing ever happened. Even while it was happening it wasn’t happening. It didn’t matter. It was of no interest. The crimes of the United States have been systematic, constant, vicious, remorseless, but very few people have actually talked about them You have to hand it to America. It has exercised a clinical manipulation of power worldwide while masquerading as a force for universal good. It’s a brilliant, even witty, highly successful act of hypnosis.”

America’s is “a scintillating stratagem. Language is actually employed to keep thought at bay. The words ‘the American people’ provide a truly voluptuous cushion of reassurance. You don’t need to think.”

Pinter presents a long list of American crimes and comes to Iraq: “The invasion of Iraq was a bandit act, an act of blatant state terrorism, demonstrating absolute contempt for the concept of international law. The invasion was . . . an act intended to consolidate American military and economic control of the Middle East masquerading--as a last resort--all other justifications having failed to justify themselves--as liberation.” Americans and their British puppets “have brought torture, cluster bombs, depleted uranium, innumerable acts of random murder, misery, degradation and death to the Iraqi people and call it ‘bringing freedom and democracy to the Middle East.”

“How many people do you have to kill before you qualify to be described as a mass murderer and a war criminal?” Pinter’s question can also be asked of Israel. Israel has been in violation of international law since 1967, protected by the United States’ veto of UN Resolutions condemning Israel for its violent, inhumane, barbaric, and illegal acts.

American evangelical Christians, who are degenerating into Zionists, are Israel’s greatest allies. Jesus is forsaken as Christians swallow whole the Israeli lies. A couple of years ago the US Presbyterian Church was so distressed by Israel’s immorality toward Palestinians that the church attempted to disinvest its investment portfolio from assets tainted with Israel. But the Israel Lobby was stronger. The Presbyterian Church was unable to stand up for Christian principles and knuckled under to the Israel Lobby’s pressure.

This is hardly surprising considering that the US government doesn’t stand for Christian principles either.

America’s doctrine of “full spectrum dominance” means that, like Lenin’s dictatorship, America is not bound by law or morality, but by power alone.

Pinter sums it up in a speech he had dreams of writing for President George W. Bush:

“God is good. God is great. God is good. My God is good. Bin Laden’s God is bad. His is a bad God. Saddam’s God was bad, except he didn’t have one. He was a barbarian. We are not barbarians. We don’t chop people’s heads off. We believe in freedom. So does God. I am not a barbarian. I am the democratically elected leader of a freedom-loving democracy. We are a compassionate society. We give compassionate electrocution and compassionate lethal injection. We are a great nation. I am not a dictator. He is. I am not a barbarian. He is. And he is. They all are. I possess moral authority. You see this fist? This is my moral authority. And don’t you forget it.”

If only our ears could hear, this is the speech we have been hearing from Israel for 60 years.

Paul Craig Roberts was Assistant Secretary of the Treasury in the Reagan administration. He is coauthor of The Tyranny of Good Intentions.He can be reached at: PaulCraigRoberts@yahoo.com
- Sri Lanka Guardian

New year greeting from Minister Bogollagama



by Rohitha Bogollagama, MP,
Minister of Foreign Affairs

(January 01, Colombo, Sri Lanka Guardian) I have great pleasure in sending this message to all Sri Lankans at home and abroad on the happy occasion of the dawn of the New Year - 2009.

The past year has been quite significant in raising Sri Lanka's international profile. The notable highlight of our successful diplomacy was the hosting of the 15th SAARC Summit in Colombo, with the participation of 8 Heads of State or Government and 7 Observers. The assumption of the SAARC Chair has imposed a heavy responsibility on Sri Lanka. However, Sri Lanka under the dynamic leadership of President Mahinda Rajapaksa will be equal to the task of discharging its responsibilities for the greater benefit and welfare of the peoples of the SAARC region in the coming year.


Sri Lanka's prestige on the world stage has been greatly enhanced by her high level participation in several international conferences last year. Her contribution towards the successful outcome of the deliberations at these fora has been widely acclaimed. Among the key gatherings that Sri Lanka participated were the Boao Forum for Asia (BFA) in China, the Shangri La Dialogue in Singapore, the High Level Conference on World Food Security (World Food Summit) in Rome, the 15th ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) in Singapore, the 15th Ministerial Meeting of the Non-aligned Movement (NAM) in Tehran, the 30th Meeting of the Commonwealth Ministerial Action Group (CMAG) in New York, the 63rd Session of the UN General Assembly in New York, the 7th Ministerial Meeting of the Asia Co-operation Dialogue (ACD) in Astana, Kazakhstan, the 2nd Summit of the Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Economic & Technical Co-operation (BIMSTEC) in New Delhi and the inaugural meeting of the Bali Democracy Forum in Indonesia. It is noteworthy that President Rajapaksa himself led the Sri Lanka delegation to the Boao Forum, the World Food Summit, the UN General Assembly Session and the BIMSTEC Summit.

2009 will also be an equally eventful year of high intensity for the Foreign Ministry, with several visits of Heads of State or Government to Sri Lanka and the hosting of some important regional and international conferences being planned.

The year ahead will be a challenging one for Sri Lanka as we prepare ourselves to cope with the adverse impact of the global economic downturn that has set in. In this context, I urge all our overseas Missions to rise to the challenge of securing new markets for our exports, while expanding our existing market share in the countries of their accreditation. While appreciating their hard work and dedication in promoting the Economic Diplomacy Initiative spearheaded by the Foreign Ministry, since I assumed office as Foreign Minister, the need of the hour is for our Missions to re-dedicate themselves to achieving the set targets with renewed vigour. I also call upon the Sri Lankan diaspora to extend their whole-hearted support and co-operation in this endeavour, which will directly benefit the people of Sri Lanka.

Terrorism is the common enemy of the people and by far poses the most serious challenge to democracy, human rights and other fundamental values that the people of Sri Lanka dearly cherish and have for so long taken for granted. The LTTE has time and again demonstrated its callous disregard for the sanctity of human life through its numerous cold-blooded attacks on civilians. The latest suicide bomb atrocity last Sunday after Mass in the vicinity of the St Anne's Church in Wattala should disabuse the minds of those who are calling for a cease-fire, of the diabolical intent of the LTTE. Our brave security forces are on course to rid our motherland once and for all of the menace of terrorism. Hence, it is incumbent upon all patriotic citizens of Sri Lanka, both at home and abroad, irrespective of racial, religious or linguistic differences, to strengthen the hand of the Government at this critical juncture to realize this objective.

I am confident that with hard work, commitment and perseverance, we will be able to usher in an era of lasting and sustainable peace and prosperity for all our people. I avail myself of this opportunity to extend my warm and sincere greetings to all Sri Lankans, for a bright and prosperous New Year.
- Sri Lanka Guardian

The Problems Of Jaffna That Need Urgent Attention



by V. Anandasangaree

(January 01, Colombo, Sri Lanka Guardian) Since I met you last about six weeks back, I had paid two visits to Jaffna. During my first visit in November, I had a public meeting attended by over thousand people, as estimated by a local daily published in Jaffna. The people have innumerable problems and hardly anyone had attended to them. I strongly urge you to listen to the problems of the civilians from various people without depending on one or two persons. I have nothing against any individual. But to what extent you can depend on one or two for matters relating to the North and whether you should also consult people like Mr. D. Sithardthan, Mr. T. Sritharan, me and such others is a matter for you to decide.

Army Check Points:-


The people of Jaffna are deeply concerned of many matters, some of which I refer to here. Their main grievance is the presence of offices of a political party, adjoining very many check-points manned by the Army. This, they feel, curtail their freedom of movement and is also one of the reasons why and how certain culprits escape after committing offences. There is absolutely no need for any political party, especially with arms, to have too many offices here and there, giving opportunities for harassment of civilians.

Compulsory Sale of News Papers:-

One General complain by many is that a political party forces people to buy their weekly. Arriving home the father or mother sees three or more copies of the same paper compulsorily thrust on various members of the house hold. Each paper cost Rs. 30 per copy. Army personnel at these check points have no control over these matters and the people buy the paper out of fear of the army who are normally very cordial in their movements with the civilians.

Detention Orders:-

The detention orders served on suspects causes a lot of inconvenience and injustice to many. I can assure you that if any one is arrested on suspicion of aiding and abetting anybody, such person in most cases is innocent and in same cases acted out of fear for the LTTE and the real culprits slip out. There are some unfortunate instances in which very old people and innocent ladies had been detained under detention orders for long periods. Serving of detention order in such cases, if avoided, will improve the relationship of the Government with the civilians, to a great extent.

Missing Persons:-

During the past few years a lot of people, men and women, young and old, are either being killed or abducted by some unidentified persons. The whereabouts of the abducted persons are not known. Some people think that a few of them might have been detained some where by somebody illegally or legally by some Government Authority. Their expectations may not be true in all cases and may be true in respect of some. To put an end to their agony and anxiety, kindly instruct all concerned persons to kindly disclose the names and addresses of all those who are in the custody of Government Authorities. What the parents want to know is whether they are alive and in safe custody. Hence kindly prepare a list of such persons and have it released to the press.

Escapees from the LTTE’s Grip in Vanni:-

Another matter that will bring good name to the Government is to honour the promise given by the Government, that all those who escape from the LTTE’s grip and come into the areas under the control of the Government, will not be harassed or detained. I have very reliable information that the LTTE’s propaganda in Vanni is that the Government forces are detaining and harassing those who are escaping and coming into cleared areas. Who ever is suspected, as having had links with the LTTE, also will have to be treated as an LTTE deserter and conditionally released to the parents. If such escapees from the LTTE area are detained people will be reluctant, to come out. A clear announcement should be made by the Government to this effect.
Fishing in and around Jaffna.

Fishing by trawlers is banned in Jaffna. The various fishing co-operatives and fisheries co-operative union in the area have no objection for trawler fishing, because they have agreed with the small scale fisherman to do trawler fishing only on three days in a week and leave the other four days for the small scale fisherman. I understand that the Indian trawler operators too operate their trawlers on three day in a week leaving the other four days for the minor fisherman. I hope that allowing this arrangement in Jaffna will not interfere with the security of the Sri Lankan Navy, since Indian trawlers also fish there. The Navy’s advice may by sought in this matter.

I strongly urge that you should give serious consideration for these requests which if adhered to will be a great boon for the suffering civilians.

(The letter addressed to Mr. Mahinda Rajapaksa, President of Sri Lanka(The Problems of Jaffna that need Urgent Attention), dated 26.12.2008 by Mr. V. Anandasangaree – President, TULF)
- Sri Lanka Guardian

Emergency Regulations and inconvenience to householders



by S. Thambyrajah

(January 01, Colombo, Sri Lanka Guardian) Confusion prevails in respect to complying with Section 23 of the Emergency Regulations. I am writing from my own experience as a chief occupant. Quite often the above form is personally handed by a police officer at the premises, with a request to fill same and keep it till it is collected by the police officer himself.

At the time of collecting same, the request for an acknowledgement is refused. Therefore for my own records, I make a photocopy of same for my file.

Quite happy with this arrangement, I was under the impression that the matter ended there. But that was until over a period of time the main water supply to a section of Inner Flower Road diminished. At present it is nil and bowser water is supplied regularly.

This involves the presence of one of the inmates to run up and down and assist in holding the hose etc. A government pensioner of advanced age and the only one at home during daytime, I am physically unable to cope with the prevailing situation. I therefore engaged an able bodied man from Nawalapitiya as a domestic aide.

He obtained the ‘Certificate of residence and character’ issued by the grama niladhari and is also in possession of a NIC. Then I produced him at the Kollupitiya Police Station for registration and was found fault with for not having registered all the occupants in the form.

I explained that I had already filled that form and was told that no forms had been given out by the Kollupitiya Police and was asked to fill another form. Then I set about complying with the requirements.

The procedure connected with the Householders’ List is very cumbersome. First the NICs of the inmates have to be surrendered at the police station. An acknowledgement is given on a photocopy of the NIC. The NIC is checked with the Department of Registration of Persons regarding its genuineness and then returned. Thereafter the names of all occupants have to be filled in the above form and two photocopies of the NIC of all persons, the original and photocopy of the grama niladhari’s certificate have to be given. The last phase, which is the most difficult one, is for all the inmates to be present at the same time before the OIC, when he is available.

The time taken and the tedious process is making the police-public relations bitter. But there is no justification in blaming the police or the householder. Both are under severe strain.
- Sri Lanka Guardian

Govt. earning unconscionable profits through petrol



(January 01, Colombo, Sri Lanka Guardian) The government is concerned only about the income from taxation, and not about exploring avenues of reducing expenditure to set off the loss of revenue and reduce petrol prices to provide relief to the masses. The government has taken the position that selling petrol at Rs. 100 will adversely affect the income of the government compelling it to withdraw the subsidies on certain products and reduce purchasing of war equipment and that the Court decision is a result of foreign secret manipulations engineered by local political opponents.

Even the uneducated villager is not gullible to fall for such propaganda. A government that cannot think of ways to earn the ‘loss’ of Rs. 22 is simply not fit to govern. At every road junction there are owners of businesses not paying tax, and if a free hand is given to the assessors they could assess the income and impose a tax.

The President in an address to some officials had said that a mere 4% of people are using cars and that it did not affect over 90% of the people and that the state charges 300% duty on cigarettes and arrack, 450% on whisky and 500% on imported luxury cars.

The President should not depend on his aging advisors, as considering the cars on all roads in all parts of the country, motorbikes, scooters and trishaws the 4% figure is more the other way around. The most affected are the three-wheeler drivers and the persons travelling in three-wheelers and the monthly wage earners owning cars.

People will not protest, even if the ‘luxury items’ such as liquor and cigarettes are taxed 800% or more as more than 50% of the population are females and at least 95% percent of the Sri Lankan females are not in the habit of smoking and consuming alcohol.

Thus the loss of Rs. 22 could have been earned with a Gazette notification increasing the duties on ‘luxury items’ and thus avoiding a confrontation with the judiciary as the reduction would benefit the general public. The order to sell petrol at Rs. 100 was when the oil price was about $ 45 but at the time of the announcement, the world oil price was about $ 40.

Thus the government should have announced that considering world prices, petrol would be sold at Rs. 95 or Rs. 97 and not below that even if the world prices fall below $ 40. Then, with an increase in the world price the local price could have been increased.

Even if only 4% of the people are using cars some key roads need to be widened with six or more lanes taking into account other vehicular traffic. For the widening of the road from Horana through Piliyandala, houses of persons who have been living in them for generations on either side of the road are being demolished. The peak hours for traffic on this road are from early morning to 9 a.m. and for about three hours after 4.30 p.m in the evening.

Hence acquisition of four to five feet of land on either side would be adequate. The surplus money earmarked for paying compensation to the house owners as well as owners of business places could be used for the development of village roads. It has to be pointed out that when some of these houses are demolished the residents of those houses will be forced to take up residence many miles away from their present place of residence affecting their children’s schooling.

In 1920, referring to the British administration in India, Nehru wrote in his autobiography "Governments are notorious bases of violence, not only the open violence of the armed forces, but far more dangerous violence, more subtly exercised, of spies, informers, agents, provocateurs, false propaganda, direct and indirect."

In our country the armed forces are not involved in violence but the rest applies to all governments which have run this country for the last three decades.

from Amor Patriae
- Sri Lanka Guardian

GA-Mullaithivu laments the plight of the people under her care



(December 31, Kilinochchi, Sri Lanka Guardian) The latest influx of IDPs from Oddusuddan and Keppapulavu are occurring in the Mullaithivu district. Though the IDPs newly arriving bring whatever shelter material they can to put up a temporary shelter, the restrictions on shelter material imposed by the Sri Lankan Government is starkly visible in the new IDP settlement in Puthukudiyiruppu. Most of the newly arrived IDPs say that they have so far not received any assistance from anyone.

Imelda Sukumar, Government Agnent for the Mullaithivu District describing the recent increase in IDPs in her District said that 216, 195 people are displaced in her district. She added that the displaced people are staying in very crowded areas and that the roads are in very poor condition due to the recent floods. People are facing great difficulties even in undertaking short journeys to the shops and schools she said.


She expressed concern that the IDP size is going to get bigger worsening their plight. - Sri Lanka Guardian

Volunteer suicide bombers seek to attack Israel



(December 31, Tehran, Sri Lanka Guardian) Hard-line Iranian student groups have appealed to the government to authorize volunteer suicide bombers to leave Iran and fight against Israel in response to the Israeli assault on the Gaza Strip.

The government of President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad had not responded to the call by Wednesday. Five hard-line student groups and a conservative clerical group launched a registration drive on Monday, seeking volunteers to carry out suicide attacks against Israel.

"Volunteer student suicide groups ... are determined to go to Gaza. You are expected to issue orders to the relevant authorities in order to pave the way for such action," the students advised Ahmadinejad in an open letter, a copy of which was made available to The Associated Press on Wednesday.

Volunteer suicide groups have made similar moves in the past and the government never responded to their calls. However, some hard-liners have claimed they successfully but secretly left Iran and carried out attacks against Israel. Their claims could not be verified.

The hard-liners started signing up volunteers after Iran's supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, issued a religious decree on Sunday that said anyone killed while defending Palestinians in Gaza against Israeli attacks would be considered a martyr.

In a speech Tuesday, Ahmadinejad called for the trial of Israeli leaders on charges of massacring Palestinians in Gaza. His comments come a day after Iran's judiciary set up a court to try Israeli leaders for such "crimes."

Iran considers Israel its archenemy and Ahmadinejad has repeatedly called for Israel to be "wiped off the map." Iran also is Hamas' main backer, though Tehran denies sending weapons to the Islamic militant Palestinian group that took control of the Gaza Strip in June 2007.

Israel's airstrikes on Gaza have sparked outrage in Iran and throughout the rest of the Muslim world. Four days of Israeli air strikes have killed 374 Palestinians and prompted Arab and international condemnation and a global diplomatic push to end the fighting. Israel says it launched its campaign in retaliation for rocket fire aimed at civilians in southern Israeli towns.

Iranian student leaders claim that more than 10,000 people throughout Iran have registered for volunteer suicide attacks in the past three days.

At a gathering Tuesday in Tehran to support Gazans and condemn Israeli attacks, hard-liners were distributing registration forms to volunteers.

Volunteer Ali Reza Takrim Namini said a "sense of religious obligation" made him register for suicide attacks against Israel. Another volunteer, Mostafa Babaei, said he was "willing to sacrifice" his blood in defense of Palestinian Muslims.

Hard-line students regularly rally in front of Egypt's interest section office in Tehran to condemn Cairo's refusal to reopen the Rafah border crossing with Gaza for humanitarian supplies. They have warned they will storm the mission by Thursday if Egypt doesn't condemn the Israeli attacks keeps the border crossing closed.

Protesters are also holding daily gatherings in front of Jordanian and Saudi embassies to denounce Arab silence over the Israeli bombing.

The Iranian Red Crescent has sent a ship carrying 2,000 tons of food to Palestinians living in Gaza to be delivered through Egypt and an Iranian military plane landed in Cairo Monday with 24 tons of food and medicines for Gaza.

The head of Iran's Red Crescent, Masoud Khatami, said three more ships were waiting to be loaded with humanitarian aid, and Iranian hospitals were ready to receive injured Gazans, according to the official IRNA news agency.
- Sri Lanka Guardian

Let us use our freedom to support the freedom of those who don’t have freedom!



(December 31, Colombo, Sri Lanka Guardian) As the world celebrated the 60th anniversary of the signing of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, journalist, J.S. Tissainayagam, publisher, N. Jesiharan, and his wife, V. Valarmathy, begin their tenth month in prison.

On 1st January 2009, as the world celebrates the dawn of a new year, it would be 300 days in detention.

We, the under-signed, call upon the Sri Lankan authorities to prove their commitment to human rights on this day by dropping all charges against them and granting their immediate and unconditional release.

They are held in poor conditions with no access to proper medical facilities. Jesiharan has alleged he was tortured and subject to sleep deprivation for days while in custody. Tissainayagam will lose his eye-sight if he is not treated and Valarmathy is in urgent need of specialist medical care. Throughout this ordeal their families have been threatened and ordered to stay silent.

Tissainayagam, Jesiharan and Valarmathy have been detained under the Prevention of Terrorism Act (PTA) which has been universally condemned for its flagrant violation of internationally recognised human rights standards since it was first enacted in 1979. Popular Sunday Times journalist Tissainayagam is one of the few Sri Lankan writers to be charged under the PTA in its 30 years of existence. Jesiharan and Valarmathy are charged with aiding and abetting him.


The case for the prosecution relies on the confessions of the accused which raises serious legal concerns, not least in light of the allegations of torture. The only material evidence relates to two articles written by Tissainayagam in the North East Monthly in 2006 criticising the conduct of the government forces in the war against the LTTE and the impact of the war on civilians.

There have been a series of legal and procedural irregularities related to the trying of the case, the arrest, detention and provision of evidence and documentation. Senior government figures are accused of direct interference in the judicial process. The prisoners have not had regular, private access to legal counsel or visits by their families.

In effect, Tissainayagam has been criminalised, retro-actively, for his writing and for pursuing his chosen profession as an independent journalist and editor.

We call upon the Sri Lankan authorities to act now to bring this disturbing miscarriage of justice to an end and to reaffirm its commitment to human rights, press freedom, freedom of speech and freedom from arbitrary arrest.

We call for the immediate and unconditional release of J.S. Tissainayagam, N. Jasiharan and V. Valamathy.

Signed by :

Dr. Hameeda Hossain - Director Aino Salish Kendra (ASK), Dhaka, Bangladesh
Dr. Hanif Lakdawal - Social Activist and Co-Founder, Sanchetna, Ahmedabad
Prof. Salima Hashmi - Dean, School of Visual Arts, Beacon House National University, Lahore, Pakistan
Vrinda Grover (Lawyer) India
I.A Rehman Director Human Rights Commission of Pakistan
David.B.S.Jeyaraj (Journalist)
Prof. Qadri Ismail (University of Minnesota)
Frances Harrison, Journalist, BBC World Service
Mandira Sharma, Executive Director, Advocacy Forum-Nepal
Sushil Pyakurel, Former Commissioner, National Human Rights Commission – Nepal
Sr. Patricia Fernando FMM
Sr. Beafrius D.S
Rev. Fr. Noel Dias
Rev. Fr. S. M. Selvaratnam, OMI
Fr.Anton Jayananda Fernando
Milruk Pradeep Fernando
N. Fernando
W. Fernando
A. Fernando
M.S.P.P Fernando
Shantha Fernando
H.Vijaya Joseph
S.A Priyangani
M.K.K Jyayaweera
K.A Shanika Dinushi
P.A Doniae Fernanado
Sarath Fernando
Wasantha Ranil
Parasad Dharasana
Eric Nishantha
Erantha Srinath
Kuppusami Naidu
Niranjala Ratnayake
Manori Muthetuwagama
K.J.Britto Fernando
K.T.R Fernando
D.A.D.N.C Wimalaratna
Shantha .D.Pathirana
Mareen Sriruika
M.Kalupathirana
Lakshan Dias, Attorney at Law
Sampath Pushpakumara, Attorney at Law
Sudarshana Gunawardene, Attorney at Law
Sunila Abeysekera, Human Rights activist
Dr. Mario Gomez, Human Rights Lawyer
Dr. Anita Nesiah
Dr. Jehan Perera, Political Columnist and Peace Activist
Freddy Gamage, Center for peoples Dialogue, Negombo
Faizun Zackariya, Centre for Development Initiatives
Uvindu Kurukulasuriya, Convener FMM
Rukshana Nanayakkara - Deputy Executive Director, Tansparency International
B. Skanthakumar, Law & Society Trust
Ruki Fernando, Law & Society Trust
Association of War Affected Women
Centre for Policy Alternatives
Home for Human Rights
INFORM Human Rights Documentation Centre
Rights Now Collective for Democracy
Women and Media Collective
Human Rights Watch
- Sri Lanka Guardian

Sri Lanka within Indo-Pak rivalry



(December 31, Colombo, Sri Lanka Guardian) A Press Trust of India report on Monday said that the ruling Congress Party of India had assured Tamil Nadu Chief Minister M. Karunanidhi that the Indian Foreign Minister Pranab Mukherjee would soon visit Sri Lanka to discuss the ‘Tamil Issue.’ Karunanidhi has been pressurising the Central Government of India to intervene in the Sri Lankan problem and pressurise the Sri Lanka government to call off the military offensives in the Wanni jungles and instead find a political solution.

It is an open secret that Karunanidhi’s interests are those of the LTTE and not so much the interests of Tamil civilians. What Mukherjee — whose country was the first to proscribe the LTTE as a terrorist organisation — can do to persuade the Rajapakse government is to be seen.

The Tamil Nadu Chief Minister had been pressurising New Delhi to make this move much before the Mumbai bombings took place. The Mumbai attack that shook the Indian sub-continent upset Karunanidhi’s agenda but now as the dust settles over Mumbai, he is back at work.

Even if a visit by Mukherjee materialises, there will be nothing very much he can do about this 25-year-old conflict other than to issue statements/condemnations/recriminations against Sri Lanka and/or the LTTE while calling for a political solution. Nonetheless, it will be prudent for Sri Lanka not to antagonise the Indian ruling party now on tenterhooks with a general election impending in the first six months of the New Year and rising public anger against its impotence against terrorist attacks. Tamil Nadu support will be a crucial factor if the Congress Party is to form the next government which would inevitably have to be a political coalition.

While Sri Lanka looking back on history will see the grim irony of this attempted Indian intervention, it will be prudent not to antagonise the ruling Congress Party at this juncture. The Mumbai blasts took place at the iconic Gateway to India. It was no doubt a national embarrassment and tragedy. Before that there had been blasts at Bangalore, Jaipur, Ahamedabad, Lucknow, Hyderabad, and blasts on the Samhauta Express bound from Delhi to Lahore. And the government of Sonia Gandhi was in the dock with no answer to curb these terrorist attacks.

The knee-jerk reaction of Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, a politician not normally given to histrionics, was to point his finger at Pakistan — just one to two hours after the blasts — with no evidence of Pakistani involvement. Even last week Pakistan’s leaders were claiming that no concrete evidence of Pakistani involvement had been presented to them. India on the other hand insists sufficient evidence was given to Pakistan with the US too echoing similar sentiments.

The fact that ‘so called’ non state actors are operating from Pakistani soil has been claimed even by the United States. The tragedy is that the Pakistani government is as helpless in curbing terrorism within its borders as India does in curbing terrorism, foreign grown or home grown. Benazir Bhutto, prime minister twice and who was likely to be elected for the third time, was assassinated by Pakistani terrorists, and her husband Asif Zardari can do very little about it. India, America, Britain, European countries eager to do business with India are calling upon Pakistan to take action on those ‘non state actors,’ operating from Pakistani soil against India, a tough proposition when Pakistani leaders can’t protect themselves from their terrorists. It does appear that terrorists are posing a major challenge to all democratically elected governments in South Asia.

The 15th SAARC Summit held in Colombo presided over by our own President Mahinda Rajapakse produced a ringing declaration against terrorism in all its forms. The much hailed Mutual Legal Assistance Treaty (MLAT) envisage closer cooperation between the security forces of member countries to arrest and hand over those engaged in criminal and terrorist activities.

The treaty’s objective was to strengthen the two SAARC Conventions on Terrorism and Drug Trafficking signed much earlier. Could anyone tell us what happened to these much hailed pow wows on terrorism, particularly the last SAARC Summit which the Sri Lanka government spent billions of rupees including purchase of bullet proof cars for the visiting dignitaries?

Fortunately after a month of fiery Indo-Pak rhetoric less heat is now being generated. This is important for Sri Lanka which tends to get caught in the cross-fire of Indo-Pakistan politics. Before the Karunanidhi intervention India’s National Security Advisor M.K. Narayanan strongly warned Sri Lanka against purchases of armaments from Pakistan and China. During the Indira Gandhi regime arms purchases from Pakistan were strongly objected to by India. This Indian stance comes in the wake of the vacillating position taken by India on supply of arms to Sri Lanka.

During the last Elephant Pass debacle when Pirapaharan was about to retake the Jaffna peninsula, India refused any form of military assistance save ‘humanitarian’ assistance while Pakistan flew out the required armaments including multi barrel rocket launchers that saved Sri Lanka being truncated in to two countries. The gratitude of this country for the immense contributions made by Pakistan to preserve its unity and integrity has not been sufficiently expressed.

President Mahinda Rajapakse’s new ventures with the Chinese such as on the construction of thermal power generating plants and particularly the Hambantota Harbour are not being favourably looked on by India and even the West. The Chinese built Hambantota harbour will be spitting distance from the main shipping trade route from West to east is not to the liking of New Delhi’s strategic thinkers. Nonetheless under the Ranil Wickremesinghe government the Trincomalee Oil Tank Farm was given to the Indians which is also considered vital for the control of sea lanes from West to East.

As the two Asian giants expand their spheres of influence in the region many countries including Sri Lanka will be caught up in the conflicts of interest of the two powers. Little Lanka in these circumstances should heed the advice given to people of little consequence: Stand not too close to the rich man lest he grabs thee and not too far away lest he forgets thee.

Editorial, The Morning Leader, weekly news paper based in Colombo, Sri Lanka
- Sri Lanka Guardian

Jihadi Terrorism - 2008 & 2009 : Part One: India

"Terrorist violence showed a remarkable decline of 40 per cent in 2008 as compared to 2007. Civilian deaths at the hands of the terrorists, which reached a peak of 1413 in 1996, came down to 164 in 2007 and only 89 in 2008."

by. B. Raman

(December 31 , Chennai, Sri Lanka Guardian) Next to Israel, India has been waging the longest fight against jihadi terrorism of the home-grown as well as trans-national variety. Israel's fight against jihadi terrorism started in 1967 and is 41 years old. The end is not yet in sight. India's fight against jihadi terrorism started in 1989 and is 19 years old. The jihadi terrorism faced by Israel is sponsored by a medley of states---- particularly Syria and Iran now and Libya, Iraq, and many other States of the Ummah in the past. The jihadi terrorism faced by India is sponsored by Pakistan and facilitated by Bangladesh.

In terms of numbers, jihadi terrorists have killed more innocent civilians in India than in Israel. But if one keep's in mind Israel's small size and population, proportionately Israel has suffered immeasurably more than India. More innocent blood has flown in Israel than in India.

The jihadi terrorism faced by India falls into two categories----that in J&K and that in the Indian territory outside J&K, which for convenience sake will be referred to as hinterland India, an expression which Shri Ajit Doval, former Director of the Intelligence Bureau (IB), often uses.

As 2008 ends and we move into 2009, one has been seeing extremely gloomy accounts of 2008 triggered by the attack by the terrorists of the Pakistan-based Lashkar-e-Toiba (LET) in Mumbai from November 26 to 29,2008, and the serial explosions that preceded it in Jaipur (May), Bangalore ( July), Ahmedabad (July) and Delhi (September). Some analysts have even called 2008 as the worst year in India's fight against terrorism.

We had faced worse years in 1985 when the Khalistani terrorists blew up the Kanishka aircraft of the Air India off the Irish coast killing 329 innocent civilians of different nationalities and in 1993 when a group of Indian Muslims from Mumbai recruited by Dawood Ibrahim, the mafia leader, and trained and equipped by Pakistan's Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI), targeted a number of establishments of economic significance in Mumbai and killed 257 civilians. It was the first co-ordinated attack on the economic infrastructure of India's financial capital--- similar to what we saw in Mumbai from November 26 to 29,2008. It was also the first co-ordinated attack on the economic infrastructure by terrorists anywhere in the world.

The March,1993, terrorist attack, even though more lethal, did not have the same traumatic impact on the Indian nation and the international community as the November,2008, attack because it was over in a couple of hours and did not last about 60 hours as it happened in Mumbai in November,2008. Moreover, private TV channels had not yet mushroomed in India.The Mumbai,1993, attack was in the form of explosions.TV viewers saw the carnage only after it had happened.The November,2008, attack, was in the form of a prolonged urban battle between some terrorists entrenched inside famous hotels( the Taj Palace and the Oberoi/Trident) and inside the offices of a Jewish cultural and religious centre located in the Nariman House and the security forces, including the National Security Guards (NSGs), the special intervention force. This entrenched battle was preceded by nearly an hour of cold-blooded killings of civilians in public places such as a railway station, a hospital, a restaurant etc with hand-held weapons. TV viewers saw a live coverage of the entire terrorist attack.


We had faced a very bad year in 2006 when a group of jihadi terrorists--- Indians and Pakistanis--- carried out a series of explosions in suburban trains in Mumbai killing 181 innocent civilians. It was copy-cat terrorism based on an emulation of what had happened in Madrid in March,2004 and in London in July,2005.

The four terrorist strikes in Jaipur, Bangalore, Ahmedabad and Delhi were instances of heat of the moment acts of reprisal by sections of our own Muslim youth angered ---hopefully momentarily --- by local events such as what the Muslim youth saw as the severe sentences awarded to the jihadi convicts for their role in the explosions of March,1993, the campaign for the early hanging of Afzal Guru for his alleged involvement in the terrorist attack on the Indian Parliament on December 13,2001, by the LET and the Jaish-e-Mohammad (JEM) as compared ( by the jihadi terrorists) to the absence of a similar campaign for the hanging of those found guilty in the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi, a resolution allegedly passed by the Bar Association of Lucknow that no lawyer should defend jihadi terrorists etc.

The terrorist attack in Mumbai in November---like the attack on the Indian Parliament in December,2001---- was not a heat of the moment act of reprisal terrorism by small numbers of Indian Muslim youth. It was an act of terrorism planned and orchestrated from Pakistani territory for a mix of strategic purposes---- creating nervousness in the minds of foreign businessmen about the security of their lives and property in India, creating doubts in the minds of the Indian public and the international community about the capability of the Indian counter-terrorism community to protect lives and property, disrupting the developing close relations of India with the West in general and the US in particular and with Israel. Combined with these larger strategic dimensions was also an element of anger against the NATO forces for their operations against Al Qaeda and the Taliban in Afghanistan and against Israel for its policy towards the Hamas. This would be evident from the barbarity to which the Israeli and other Jewish victims (9 out of 25) were subjected by the Pakistani terrorists and from the fact that the Westerners killed by the terrorists ( 12 out of 25) came from countries which are fighting against the Taliban and Al Qaeda in Afghanistan ---- the US, the UK, France, Italy, Germany, Canada and Australia. It was definitely not Kashmir-related terrorism. Nor was it related to the grievances of the Indian Muslim community against the Government of India.

The Mumbai attack of November, 2008, also marked the emergence of the LET as an international jihadi terrorist organisation on par with Al Qaeda and also indicated the first possible role of Al Qaeda in mentoring, if not actually orchestrating, an act of strategic jihadi terrorism in Indian territory directed against Indian, Western and Jewish targets to compensate for its inability to repeat 9/11, Madrid and London till now. Al Qaeda's suspected orchestration was meant to demonstrate to the world that Al Qaeda is alive and kicking and will strike where it wants to and where it is able to and not where the world expects it to. The attack also demonstrated that Osama bin Laden's April,2006, warning----in the wake of President George Bush's visit to India---- of a global jihad against the Christians, the Jewish people and the Hindus was not an empty threat. November,2008, marked the opening of a new front in the global jihad. The terrorists came to kill Indians, Israelis and other Jewish persons and Westerners. They did not come to damage or destroy property. If they had wanted, they had explosives with which they could have caused serious damage to the hotels similar to the damage which the jihadi terrorists of Pakistan caused to the Marriott Hotel of Islamabad on September 20,2008. They did not.

After the serial explosions in UP in November,2007 and in Jaipur, Bangalore, Ahmedabad and Delhi in 2008, there have been many superficial analytical articles written by analysts in India and abroad as if home-grown jihadi terrorism arrived for the first time in India in 2008. It was not so. India had been facing home-grown, but Pakistan-trained terrorism in J&K between 1989 and 1993 before the Pakistani organisations took over the leadership in 1993.Tamil Nadu had been facing jihadi terrorism unconnected to the ISI and the Pakistani organisations between 1993 and 1999 in the form of the Al Ummah movement. The March,1993, explosions were carried out by some Indian Muslims recruited by Dawood and trained and equipped by the ISI. The Students Islamic Movement of India (SIMI) was initially a home-grown movement though it subsequently came under the influence and control of the LET and the Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami (HUJI), both of Pakistan.

What has been new since 9/11 is the emergence of a new group (not yet quantifiable) of Indian Muslims in hinterland India calling themselves the Indian Mujahideen (IM) and denying any links with the ISI and the Pakistani jihadi organisations and individual Muslims in the Indian Muslim diaspora in the UK without any proved organisational affiliation, who sought to help or emulate Al Qaeda. The IM took to terrorism due to anger arising from Indian events and policies. The pro-Al Qaeda individuals like Bilal-al Hindi now in jail in the UK for assisting Al Qaeda and Kafeel Ahmed who died in hospital after an attempted attack of suicidal terrorism in Glasgow in June,2006, took to terrorism for reasons unconnected with India. They were the first global jihadi terrorists from the Indian Muslim community, who were motivated by what is projected by Al Qaeda as global and historical injustice against the Muslims of the world.

Are there Indian Muslims in hinterland India, who are similarly motivated by a global and historical sense of injustice and not merely by anger due to purely Indian reasons? No such Muslim has so far been arrested, but one has been seeing openly expressed admiration for bin Laden among some Indian Muslim youth. One saw it during the anti-Bush demonstrations in some cities during Bush's visit to India in March,2006, and in the interrogation reports of some arrested SIMI leaders. From admiration to action is just one step away.

Could any of these Indian Muslims ---not yet unarthed--- with admiration for bin Laden have played a role in assisting the LET in its attack in Mumbai? It will be unwise to rule this out just because no evidence in this regard has emerged so far. Lack of evidence does not prove a fact. It does not mean that a threat does not exist. A terrorist attack of this magnitude and precision could not have been so successfully planned and carried out without some local complicity. Only a local or a Pakistani member of the LET, who knew Mumbai well, would have known about the presence of many Jewish persons in the Nariman House during day as well as at night and about the very weak security at the rear entrance to the Taj Mahal Hotel.

The terrorist attacks of 2008 exposed the weaknesses in our counter-terrorism management as no other series of strikes in the past had---- lack of a culture of physical security and lack of co-ordination and of a cultute of joint follow-up action on the intelligence available. Intelligence was available since September about the impending attack by LET terrorists coming by sea. The available intelligence might not have been 100 per cent complete in all respects, but it was substantial enough to sound the alarm bell in Delhi and Mumbai and to trigger a joint response to foil the attack. There was a shocking failure of follow-up action on the intelligence alerts. The Police, the Navy and the Coast Guard have to accept a major share of the responsibility for failing to act energetically to prevent the attack. The intelligence agencies cannot totally wash their hands off the tragedy by saying that their job ended with the collection and dissemination of intelligence. It was equally their responsibility to ensure that the implications of the disseminated intelligence were understood by the agencies responsible for follow-up and that required follow-up action was taken. If this was not done, it was their responsibility to alert the Prime Minister. It is for that reason that intelligence chiefs have privileged access to the Prime Minister. That access was not utilised.

In 1998-99 after the nuclear tests of May,1998, the Government of India revamped its national security management system with the creation of a National Security Council (NSC), a Secretariat to service the NSC (NSCS), a Strategic Policy Group (SPG), and a National Security Advisory Board (NSAB)----with the entire architecture supervised and co-ordinated by a National Security Adviser, who works directly under the Prime Minister and has his ears all the time. This system was further revamped in 2000 on the basis of our lessons learnt during the Kargil conflict of 1999. The revamped system consisted of an intelligence co-ordination committee and a technical resources co-ordination committee, both under the NSA, and a multi-agency centre in the IB to deal with terrorism to promote the culture of joint action.

The entire system set in place since 1998 to modernise our national security management on the pattern of good practices followed in the West and Israel failed. There was total dysfunction by the system as well as by those manning it. Our failure to prevent the November,2008, attack was due to systemic as well as human failures. The human failure was at all levels----from the top to the bottom. A casual approach to security threats----from State or non-State actors---- has been part of our culture. The Chinese took advantage of it in 1962. The Pakistanis tried to take advantage of it in 1999, but failed. The jihadi terrorists from Pakistan took advantage of it in November,2008, and succeeded.

Cover-up is another part of our national culture. The report of the committee, which enquired into the debacle of 1962, was never released and debated in Parliament and public. The report of the Kargil Review Committee was released and acted upon, but never discussed in Parliament. There now seems to be an attempt to avoid a comprehensive enquiry into the terrorist attack of November,2008, similar to the enquiry by a bipartisan National Commission in the US after the 9/11 terrorist strikes and the enquiry by the Intelligence and Security Comittee of the British Parliament into the London explosions of July,2005. With all eyes on the forthcoming elections, nobody wants a post-mortem.The public should not accept this and should mount pressure on the Government and the political class for a thorough enquiry. The argument that a public enquiry could demoralise the agencies and its officers should not be accepted. Thorough enquiries were held into the assassinations of Indira Gandhi and Rajiv Gandhi and the reports released to the public without worrying about any demoralisation. Why should we be worried now?

The Police in the affected States have arrested many of the perpetrators of the jihadi terrorist strikes of 2008---- operatives of the IM as well as Ajmal Amir Kasab, the Pakistani, who was captured alive during the attack in Mumbai. Their interrogation has given a wealth of nuts and bolts details of tactical significance---- what is their background, how did they gravitate to terrorism, where and how were they trained, who trained them , what kind of explosives they used, where they procured them etc But they have not brought out much information of strategic value which could enable us to make a quantitative analysis of the threat facing us in 2009 and prepare ourselves to counter it.

Who are the real brains behind the IM? What is its command and control like? Does it have any strategic objective or is it purely heat of the moment reprisal terrorism? What are its external sources of funding? What are its external linkages----with the ISI, the Pakistani jihadi terrorist organisations and with the world of organised crime? The involvement of the world of organised crime in acts of terrorism, which became evident in March,1993, continues to be one of the defining characteristics of jihadi terrorism in the Indian hinterland as could be seen from the suspected association of Riaz Bhatkal, an underworld character, with the IM.

The home-grown jihadi terrorism, which has struck us repeatedly since November,2007, in the name of the IM, is an iceberg. Till we are able to identify, measure and blow up this iceberg, more such terrorist strikes involving serial explosions in important cities are likely. Was the disaster, which struck us in Mumbai in November,2008, the LET tip of an Al Qaeda iceberg?. It will be very unwise to presume that it cannot be so. There is an Al Qaeda iceberg which is on the move from the Pashtun tribal belt of Pakistan to areas outside as seen from the explosions outside the Danish Embassy in Islamabad in June,2008, and outside the Marriott Hotel in September 2008. It is time we come out of our denial mode that what is happening in Pakistan cannot happen to us.It can.

We still do not have a coherent policy to deal with Pakistan, which has been a State-sponsor of terrorism in Indian territory and with Bangladesh as a facilitator. Our approach to Pakistan's sponsorship continues to be marked by the "kabi garam, kabi naram" (Sometimes hard, sometimes soft) syndrome.

India has been a victim of indigenous terrorism without external sponsorship as well as terrorism externally sponsored----from Pakistan and Bangladesh. Before 1979, we were also victims of tribal insurgencies in the North-East supported by China, which is no longer supporting them after 1979. One of the reasons why Indira Gandhi decided to support the independence movement in the then East Pakistan was because the ISI was giving sanctuaries to the terrorists and insurgents in the Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) from where threy were operating in North-East India. The creation of Bangladesh ended this sponsorship in 1971, but it was revived by the intelligence agencies of Pakistan and Bangladesh after the assasasination of Sheikh Mujibur Rehman in 1975. We are still struggling to cope with it.

One of the lessons of the post-World War history of State-Sponsored terrorism is that it never ends unless the guilty state is made to pay a prohibitive price. STASI, the East German intelligence service, was behind much of the ideological terrorism in West Europe. The collapse of communism in East Germany and the end of STASI brought an end to this terrorism. The intelligence services of Libya and Syria were behind much of the West Asian terrorism and the Carlos group, then living in Damascus, played a role in helping ideological groups in West Europe. The US bombing of Libya in 1986, the strong US action against Syria, which was declared a State-sponsor of terrorism and against the Sudan, where Carlos shifted from Damascus, and the prosecution and jailing, under US pressure, of two Libyan intelligence officers for their complicity in the bombing of a Pan Am plane off Lockerbie on the Irish coast in 1988 brought an end to state-sponsorship of terrorism by Libya and Sudan. Syria has stopped sponsoring terrorism against the US, but continues to do so against Israel.

There are any number of UN resolutions and international declarationas declaring state-sponsored terrorism as amounting to indirect aggression against the victim state. Unfortunately, there has been no political will in India to make Pakistan and Bangladesh pay a heavy price for their sponsorship of terrorism against India. Once a firm decision based on a national consensus is taken that the time has come to make Pakistan and Bangladesh pay a price, the question as to which organisation should do it and how will be sorted out. The problem is not that we don't have an appropriate organisation, but we don't have the will to act against Pakistan and Bangladesh. Our policy of "kabi garam, kabi naram" towards these two countries is encouraging them not to change their ways.

We must take action instead of depending on the US or other members of the international community to do so. Every country is interested in protecting the lives and property of only its own citizens. This is natural. It is the responsibility of the Government of India and the States to protect the lives and property of our nationals. There are many good things we can learn from the Israelis such as their passion for up-to-date data bases, all their agencies countering terrorism acting as a single team without ego clashes, turf battles and the tendency to pass the buck, public support for their counter-terrorism agencies, high investments in research & development of new technologies for counter-terrorism etc. India has remained a nation of dogs that bark, but do not bite. We have seen it after Mumbai too. It is time we emulate Israel and become a nation of dogs that don't bark, but bite ferociously. At the same time, some methods employed by Israel such as over-militarisation of counter-terrorism will prove counter-productive in a pluralistic, multi-religious state such as India. We have produced many good intelligence bureaucrats, but we have produced very few good intelligence professionals. Our counter-terrorism experts tend to be over-simplistic and superficial in their expertise, are not innovative and try to deal with technology savvy modern terrorism with methods and thinking which are not equally modern. The terrorists operating in India tend to be more nodern and innovative in their thinking than the counter-terrorism agencies. Increasing their numbers and budgets alone will not produce results unless, simultaneously, there is also a change in their thinking and methods.

2008 was not a totally gloomy year for India. There was gloom in the Indian hinterland. But,there was also sunshine in J &K for the first time in 19 years as seen from the spectacularly successful election held in the State in which over 50 per cent of the voters paricipated defying threats and intimidation from the terrorists and calls for boycott from their political mentors. Let me quote some statistics given by Kuldeep Khoda, the DG of Police of J&K, at a media conference on December 25,2008 ("The Hindu" of December 26,2008):


Terrorist violence showed a remarkable decline of 40 per cent in 2008 as compared to 2007.

Civilian deaths at the hands of the terrorists, which reached a peak of 1413 in 1996, came down to 164 in 2007 and only 89 in 2008.

48 political activists, including a Minister, were killed by terrorists during the 2002 election campaign . They could not kill a single political activist during this year's election campaign.

For the first time, 2008 witnessed the best ever performance of the police and the security forces on the human rights front. There was only one complaint of death in police custody, which is under investigation, and no complaint of disappearance from police custody.

At the same time, he warned against complacency and pointed out that there were still 800 trained terrorists----300 of them foreigners, mainly Pakistanis---- in the State waiting for an opportunity to step up terrorism.

There is terrorism fatigue in J&K as there was in Punjab when Narasimha Rao was the Prime Minister. Rao was bold enough to lift the President's rule and hold the elections disregarding advice from senior bureaucrats not to do so. The elections in Punjab marked the beginning of the people's alienation from the Khalistani terrorists. People in J&K are tired of violence and of the difficulties which they had to face as a result of security measures for nearly 19 years. They want normalcy, but this need not mean the beginning of the end of their feelings of alienation.

The feelings of alienation will not end just because of the spectacularly successful elections. They will end only through meaningful measures by the Govt. of India and the new Govt. headed by Omar Abdullah to address the legitimate grievances of the people and to fulfill some of the past promises to give greater powers to the State--- almost near autonomy, if not total autonomy. The elections also show that the mainstream parties have retained their political base despite 19 years of terrorism---- much of it directed against them--- and that the political base of the political mentors of the militancy such as the Hurriyat is as small as it always has been. Farooq Abdullah used to describe them as mohalla leaders and not State leaders who are afraid of elections because they know that elections could expose their limited following. He is probably right.

While keeping our fingers crossed in J&K, we have reasons to be proud of what our intelligence agencies and the security forces have achieved in J&K after 19 years of sustained and well-calibrated counter-terrorism. They are capable of achieving similar results in the Indian hinterland in 2009 if the systemic and individual deficiencies are identified and removed instead of being covered up,if they work in a co-ordinated and united manner as they did in J&K, if they receive the right political leadership, if Pakistan is made to pay a price for its sponsorship of jihadi terrorism and if we pay due to attention to the legitimate grievances of our Muslim co-citizens in hinterland India instead of dismissing them off-hand as imaginary. Some of them are not. Some of our Muslim youth have real causes for anger against the Indian State and society. We must take note of them and address them. Otherwise, we will drive them into the hands of the ISI and the likes of the LET, the JEM and Al Qaeda.

Part II: Pakistan to follow

(The writer is Additional Secretary (retd), Cabinet Secretariat, Govt. of India, New Delhi, and, presently, Director, Institute For Topical Studies, Chennai. E-mail: seventyone2@gmail.com )
- Sri Lanka Guardian