Nepalese Political Scenarios 1950-2011

Nepalese Prime Minister Jhalnath Khanal (L), ministers and lawmakers attend a parliament session in Kathmandu on May 28, 2011. Nepal's ruling parties held 11th-hour talks on Saturday to try to avert a fresh political crisis, ahead of the expiry of parliament's term. Nepal's parliament, or Constituent Assembly (CA), was elected on a two-year mandate to fulfil the terms of the peace agreement that followed the conflict and write a new constitution for the world's youngest republic. - Getty Images

by Dirgha Raj Prasai

(May 29, Kathmandu, Sri Lanka Guardian) The major political problem in Nepal is the conspirator roles of foreigners and lack of ability to coordinate between nationality and democracy. Democratic system rose in Nepal at 1950, but the system could not maintain the coordination. The Nepalese nationality became the secondary items. Sovereignty and its nationality were made inferior to democracy. Indians had desired to bring Nepal under its umbrella through the lopsided 1950 Nepal-India treaty. In the ensuing quarrel over Indian conspiratorial points, Nepali people were divided into various factions. India had been attempting to subordinate Nepal by holding a Constituent Assembly (CA) since the emergence of democracy in 1950. The nationalist forces who knew that the CA would be a fatal point for the nation stood in opposition to such attempts to hold a CA.

After carrying out a research on the actual situation faced by the nation, Nepali Congress (NC) leader B.P Koirala in 1958 had taken a stance against holding a CA calling it highly unnecessary. The Nepali nationalist forces were active after 1958 and the Chinese influences were also increasing. India on basis of these developments also realized that it could not intervene to draft a constitution in its favor, so it also took a stance opposing the CA's constitution. King Mahendra promulgated Kingdom of Nepal’s constitution which was drafted on consensual terms between the monarch, political leaders and nationalist forces, and against Indian intervention and conspiracy. After which the parliamentary election was held on the same year.

After the general election of 1958, Nepali Congress leader B.P Koirala became the Prime Minister. There were no disagreements between the King and the ruling NC. King Mahendra and Prime Minister Koirala started district visits from December 11 of 1959. At a ceremony in Pyuthan, B. P. had acknowledged that the relation between him and the King had become highly cordial. He said, “The relationship between that of King and people is bound in one point, and I in the capacity of a Prime Minister chosen by the people is accompanying His Majesty in his entourage. This is the evidence that exemplifies a great change in the nation.” But the foreign and national forces created a rift in such a cordial relation between the King and the people.

During B. P’s term, India took advantage of its friendship with the former to take control over Nepal’s water resources. India presented the Ghorai-Deukhuri water project in Dang-Nepal, and established a camp there with 4/5 bungalows. Dang-Deukhuri was inundated provoking a revolt by the locals while the water was being used to irrigate fields of Uttar Pradesh of India. Thousands of letters reached to the royal palace. King Mahendra and PM Koirala jointly went on a visit to Ghorai-Deukhuri to inspect the project. The King had received many letters of grievances during his visit. PM Koirala in view of the anger of the mass of people assured them that the water project would be abolished the same day. Later the project was abolished and all the bungalows were razed down. In this way a foreign conspiracy was frustrated with a joint effort by the King, elected PM and the people.

Some internal elements with malicious intents in Nepali Congress became active to create a rift between the King and the PM. After the visit to Dang, PM Koirala returned to the capital while King Mahendra went for a visit to Nepalgunj. The relationship between the King and NC became cold after the King’s speech in Nepalgunj on January 30, 1960. Then the people of the region used to utter a phrase when cursing someone, “May Congress enter your home.” Because the Congress workers were known as a cheaters, criminals and looters. This was to vent their anger at the party and the administration for the reason that the police had been giving clean chits to NC activists’ arrested for stealing. The local administration and police was congressized. The police administration created fraudulent documents in order to set the arrested NC activists scot-free.

The NC activists of that faction went on creating havoc in Gorkha by committing a large scale theft in the month of July 1960 with determined intension to widen the rift between the King and the party. On October 25 of the same year 3,000 people took out a rally displaying a flag of ‘Karmavir Mahamandal’ and shouting, “Nepali Congress is a lie, we don’t recognize a prejudice government.” There ensued an inevitable clash with police on stand by, and stones were hurled, police charged lathi and even shootings occurred. Seven died, 10 sustained bullet injuries while 7/10 left with broken bones creating an unmanageable terror. It was said that this was the result of the provocative speech by Yogi Naraharinath. After the Gorkha incident of October 25 a warrant was issued to capture Narharinath. However, the Yogi was not found in Gorkha. There were rumors that the Yogi appeared in Jumla on the third day after the Gorkha incident. How can it be true as it takes at least 10 days to walk from Gorkha to Jumla? People used to say, “Yogi Narharinath possessed the power to fly.”

Let us remember the incident that occurred in the year 1960 as the ‘bone of contention’. King Mahendra was on a visit to Britain. NC activists reported, “The Palace has given a written order to the Yogi to destroy Congress.” This false report was given to B.P who believed it. After returning from Britain, King Mahendra expressed his dissatisfaction with accusations hurled at Yogi Narharinath, and the slurry statements of PM Koirala. The King summoned the PM to palace to inquire. The King gave his gifts that he had brought from Britain to PM Koirala’s family. The King gave a leather bag for PM’s wife Sushila, tape recorder, watch and a bracelet for PM Koirala before presenting his questions. B.P has written in his diary book in regard to the meeting with the King that took place two days before December 15, 1960, “His Majesty has addressed me that (they) used to spread such malicious rumor that it is right to rebel against a government run by a Prime Minister who did not believe in religion.” The Congress activists had fueled B.P against the King by giving false information.

However, the reality regarding the Gorkha incident and Narharinath was different. King Mahendra’s military secretary Sher Bahadur Malla had written in a piece of paper, “His Majesty has kindly given Rs. 500 as donation as requested by Yogi Naraharinath, Chairman- Karmavir Mahamandal.” The piece of paper was carried by Yogi in his bag. Many must have seen that same paper. The NC activists took clue from this paper with the information relating to that Rs. 500, and misinformed B.P that the palace had handed a secret paper to the Yogi to incite the people against Congress. So, that false letter played the role of creating a rift between the King and the PM. This marked the beginning of the breakdown of relation between the two. This incident was the cause behind King Mahendra’s step on December 15, 1960.

King Mahendra gave an alternative of a system devoid of political parties in place of multiparty system. In spite of the criticisms this step for 29 years fought with foreign intervention and strengthened the national pride and self-dependence. Later the ‘Panchayat’ suffered from factionalism, and India intervened supporting a plan for unity between the Congress and Communists to ignite the people’s uprising in 1990, and reinstated the multiparty democracy. After the reinstatement of the democratic system in 1990 due to internal tussle for power, corruption and many more fraudulent activities the foreign intervention increased. The new multiparty system became unpopular among the people.

The rulers’ failings crossed all limits. People became dissatisfied. Maoist rebellion took birth. The war launched by the Maoist against the multiparty system led to the deaths of 15,000 Nepali people. Infrastructures costing billions were vandalized and burned. Later with the support of Indian intelligence Wing (RAW) and some leaders of ‘Congress I’ a joint front comprising of Maoist, Nepali Congress and UML was formed for people’s uprising in 2006. As there were attempts to turn the agitation violent an agreement was reached with the King on April 24, 2006. After the uprising, according to the constitution-1990, Nepali Congress leader Girija Prasad Koirala became the Prime Minister with the support of Maoist and UML among other political parties. After sometime, they misused the agreement-2006 with the King and they followed the path of RAW and CIA.

After the Constituent Assembly (CA) election Maoist came to power. Without any reason the Maoist left the government after nine months. The political parties betrayed the agreements reached with the King on April 24, and one after another declared republic, secular state and pushed the nation towards squabbling ethnic federal states. These were the criteria for disintegrating the nation. The traitors in Nepali Congress, UML and Maoist failed to realize the nationality of the nation due to which it fell into a crisis. These three major political parties are used to fighting with each other, but they join hands the next day, as each cheat the other each need the other. The Nepali politics is suffering from the same disease of the society brought on by the games played by opportunists and reactionaries. Due to this reason Nepali politics is now lacking ideology. All sectors are crisis-ridden due to these traitors who call themselves political leaders.

If we are to analyze the political scene from 1950 to 2011 the major reason behind the political crisis that has entrapped the Nepali people is foreign intervention coupled with the activities of corrupt leaders. India is the major enemy of this country. Many times constitutions have been made in Nepal. However, the leadership has been pro-Indian due to which none of the constitution remained stable. Secular state, republic, and federalism are not the agendas of NC, UML and the Maoist. It is the agendas of Indian and American intelligence wings-‘RAW’ and ‘CIA’ respectively. Due to this the nation is facing crisis. It is necessary that this sovereign Hindu and Buddha's land must be alive

The fighting between the influential personality as B.P Koirala and King Mahendra became the result of the failure to coordinate and create balance between nationality and democracy. It has resulted in the current political instability. If we want the 'peaceful sovereign democratic Nepal', we should create a balance and coordinate King Mahendra’s ‘nationality’ and B. P’s ‘parliamentarianism.’ Nor, it is not easy to run the parliamentary democracy in Nepal. If we convince to save Nepal, we can move still present Nepal, as a model of democracy, around the world.

The so-called Constituent Assembly-2007 is similar to the assembly of the high feudal Ranarchy Prime Minister Mohan Shamsher. Since 2006 we the Nepalese people are suffering from the unconstitutional Traitor's anarchist regime. The state must inflict strict retribution to traitors working in political parties and non government organizations. The new Constitution cannot be made by traitors by CA. Even if it is drafted, it cannot be supported. To extend the term after failing to draft the constitution in the stipulated time is another IMMENSE betrayal. Constituent Assembly (CA), elected in 2008 on a two-year mandate to promulgate a new constitution, but, without the mandate of people they extended one year.

Despite being granted an extra 12 months last year, they had been unable to complete the task and now they have extended the tenure of the CA against the constitution and Supreme Court's decision. Although, extending three month tenure of CA, the parties can't draft the constitution. Because, 1) there will be no the consensus among them, 2) the PM Jhalanath will not resign, 3) the arms of Maoist will not be handed over to the government. The culprit political leaders are fighting within and outside the party just for power and money. UML's leader Jhalanath had become the PM by the support of Maoist. The Maoists are using their agendas and are opening a 'Pandora's Box'- a one-party communist anarchism. A nation cannot be run in this fashion. The position of Nepal is very bad. To rescue from all conspiracies, Nepalese people must revert back to the 1990 Constitution, and on the foundation laid by the agreement reached with the King in April, 2006 an all party cabinet must be formed. This cabinet can announce the general election through which an elected parliament, maintaining a balance and coordination between Nepal’s nationality, royal institution and democracy. We can carryout amendments on the 1990 Constitution to give a positive direction to the nation. There are no other alternatives.